AIR12, a b-type cytochrome of the plasma membrane of Arabidopsis thaliana is a negative regulator of resistance against Botrytis cinerea. (April 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Costa, Alex; Barbaro, Maria Raffaella; Sicilia, Francesca; Preger, Valeria; Krieger-Liszkay, Anja; Sparla, Francesca; De Lorenzo, Giulia; Trost, Paolo
• Is Part Of: Plant science. Volume 233(2015:Apr.)
• Page Start: 32
• Page End: 43
• Publication Date: 2015-04
• Subjects: Plasma membrane redox -- Cytochrome b -- Botrytis cinerea -- Apoplast -- Ascorbate -- Reactive oxygen species; Botany -- Periodicals; Botanique -- Périodiques; 580
• DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.01.004
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0168-9452

Abstract

Highlights: AIR12 is a cytochrome b, GPI-anchored to the external face of the plasma membrane. AIR12 interacts with redox-active compounds of the apoplast. Botrytis cinerea and wounding induce AIR12 expression in Arabidopsis. Arabidopsis AIR12-knock out mutants are resistant to B. cinerea . AIR12 is a cell wall-related susceptibility factor for B. cinerea infection. Abstract: AIR12 (Auxin Induced in Root culture) is a single gene of Arabidopsis that codes for a mono-heme cytochrome b . Recombinant AIR12 from Arabidopsis accepted electrons from ascorbate or superoxide, and donated electrons to either monodehydroascorbate or oxygen. AIR12 was found associated in vivo to the plasma membrane. Though linked to the membrane by a glycophosphatidylinositol anchor, AIR12 is a hydrophilic and glycosylated protein predicted to be fully exposed to the apoplast. The expression pattern of AIR12 in Arabidopsis is developmentally regulated and correlated to sites of controlled cell separation ( e.g. micropilar endosperm during germination, epidermal cells surrounding the emerging lateral root) and cells around wounds. Arabidopsis (Landsberg erecta-0) mutants with altered levels of AIR12 did not show any obvious phenotype. However, AIR12-overexpressing plants accumulated ROS (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide) and lipid peroxides in leaves, indicating that AIR12 may alter the redox state of the apoplast under particular conditions. On the other hand, AIR12-knock out plants displayed a strongly decreased susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea infection, which in turn induced AIR12 expression in susceptible wild type plants. Altogether, the results suggest that AIR12 plays a role in the regulation of the apoplastic redox state and in the response to necrotrophic pathogens. Possible relationships between these functions are discussed.