Affective temperaments play an important role in the relationship between child abuse and the diagnosis of bipolar disorder. (April 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Toda, Hiroyuki; Inoue, Takeshi; Tanichi, Masaaki; Saito, Taku; Nakagawa, Shin; Masuya, Jiro; Tanabe, Hajime; Yoshino, Aihide; Kusumi, Ichiro
• Is Part Of: Psychiatry research. Volume 262(2018)
• Page Start: 13
• Page End: 19
• Publication Date: 2018-04
• Subjects: BD bipolar disorder -- MDD major depressive disorder -- SEM structural equation modeling -- TEMPS-A Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego autoquestionnaire -- CATS Child Abuse and Trauma Scale -- LES Life Experiences Survey -- PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire-9 -- DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision -- HAMD Hamilton Depression Rating Scale -- YMRS Young Mania Rating Scale -- STAI-Y Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Form Y -- TLI Tucker-Lewis index -- CFI comparative fit index -- RMSEA root mean square error of approximation -- TCI-R Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised Version; Bipolar disorder -- Child abuse -- Affective temperament -- TEMPS-A -- Stressful life event -- Structural equation model; Psychiatry -- Periodicals; Psychiatry -- periodicals; Psychiatrie -- Périodiques; 616.89
• DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.01.040
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0165-1781

Abstract

Abstract: In previous studies, various components such as environmental and genetic factors have been shown to contribute to the development of bipolar disorder (BD). This study investigated how multiple factors, including child abuse, adult life events, and affective temperaments, are interrelated and how they affect the diagnosis of BD. A total of 170 healthy controls and 75 BD patients completed the following self-administered questionnaires: the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 evaluating the severity of depressive symptoms; the Child Abuse and Trauma Scale (CATS) evaluating child abuse; the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) evaluating affective temperaments; and the Life Experiences Survey (LES) evaluating negative and positive adult life events. The data were subjected to univariate analysis, multivariable analysis, and structural equation modeling. The structural equation modeling showed that the diagnosis of BD was indirectly predicted by the neglect and sexual abuse scores of the CATS through four affective temperaments (depressive, cyclothymic, irritable, and anxious) of the TEMPS-A and directly predicted by these four affective temperaments. This study suggested that affective temperament plays an important role as a mediator in the influence of child abuse on BD diagnosis. Highlights: We investigated child abuse, temperaments, and stressful life events in BD. Child abuse increased affective temperaments. Affective temperaments predicted BD diagnosis. Child abuse indirectly predicted BD diagnosis through affective temperaments. This study may contribute to the elucidation of the pathogenesis of BD.