Biomass gasification in fluidized beds: A review of biomass moisture content and operating pressure effects. (October 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Motta, Ingrid Lopes; Miranda, Nahieh Toscano; Maciel Filho, Rubens; Wolf Maciel, Maria Regina
• Is Part Of: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. Volume 94(2018)
• Page Start: 998
• Page End: 1023
• Publication Date: 2018-10
• Subjects: ASU Air separation unit -- ATR Autothermal reforming -- BFB Bubbling fluidized bed -- BIGCC Biomass integrated gasification combined cycle -- BtL Biomass-to-liquids -- CCE Carbon conversion efficiency, % -- CCG CHOREN coal gasification technology -- CCS Carbon capture and storage -- CEDER Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy Sources -- CFB Circulating fluidized bed -- CGE Cold gas efficiency, % -- CHOREN Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Renewable -- CHP Combined heat and power -- CHRISGAS Clean Hydrogen-Rich Syngas Project -- CHxOy Simplified formula for biomass sources calculations -- DME Dimethyl ether -- DOE Department of Energy -- eagent Chemical exergy of gasifying agent, kJ/kmol -- ech, biomass Chemical exergy of biomass, kJ/kg -- ech, syngas Chemical exergy of syngas, kJ/kmol -- eph, syngas Physical exergy of syngas, kJ/kmol -- ER Equivalence ratio -- FEED Front-end engineering and design -- FICFB Fast internally circulating fluidized bed -- FTS Fischer-Tropsch synthesis -- GTI Gas Technology Institute -- GV Gas yield, m3/kg -- HGCU Hot gas clean-up unit -- HHV Higher heating value, MJ/kg -- HRSG Heat recovery steam generator -- HTL Hydrothermal liquefaction -- HT-WGS High-temperature water-gas shift process -- IEA International Energy Agency -- IGCC Integrated gasification combined cycle -- IGT Institute of Gas Technology -- IRENA International Renewable Energy Agency -- KIT Karlsruhe Institute of Technology -- LHVbiomass Biomass lower heating value, MJ/kg -- LHVi Lower heating value of a component gas i, MJ/kg -- LHVsyngas Syngas lower heating value, MJ/kg -- Mbiomass Biomass feed, kg -- MSW Municipal solid waste -- MWe MW of power generation -- MWfuel MW of fuel input -- MWth MW of heat generation -- nagent Molar amount of gasifying agent, kmol -- nsyngas Molar amount of syngas, kmol -- PAH Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon -- PCA Principal component analysis -- PDU Process development unit -- PFB Pressurized fluidized bed -- PFD Process flow diagram -- PICHTR Pacific International Center for High Technology Research -- PLS Partial least squares -- RDF Refuse-derived fuels -- S/B Molar steam-to-biomass ratio -- SCO Selective catalytic oxidation -- SEA Swedish Energy Agency -- SNG Substitute natural gas -- SOFC Solid oxide fuel cell -- TPS Termiska Processer AB -- UCG Ultra Clean Gas process -- Vg Syngas volume under standard conditions, m3 -- VTT VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland -- WGS Water-gas shift -- wt% Weight percentage -- xi Volume percent of component gas I -- ψ Exergy efficiency, %; Biomass gasification -- Fluidized bed -- Gasifier -- Syngas -- Pressure -- Moisture content; Renewable energy sources -- Periodicals; Power resources -- Periodicals; Énergies renouvelables -- Périodiques; Ressources énergétiques -- Périodiques; 333.794
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.06.042
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1364-0321

Abstract

Abstract: The global dependence on fossil reserves as well as the environmental aspects related to them are some of the factors that propel research on renewable energy forms. Gasification, a thermochemical process that converts carbonaceous resources into syngas, is an advantageous alternative due to its relatively low costs, high efficiencies, and syngas' wide variety of applications. Although gasification is a very promising heat, power, and fuel production technique, there is still a field of improvement in gasification in fluidized beds when it comes to operation under high pressure and with feedstocks containing moderate or high moisture contents. Thus, to provide enough information to address such questions, the present work aims at bringing an overview of gasification concepts, as well as an in-depth discussion based on simulation, laboratory- and demonstration-scale works of the effects of biomass water content and pressure on different parameters of several fluidized bed gasifiers. Moreover, diverse strategies for handling high-moisture content biomass materials are presented, as well as the achievements and technical difficulties encountered by worldwide development and demonstration plant projects that designed and used pressurized fluidized-bed gasifiers. Highlights: Effect of biomass moisture and pressure on fluidized bed gasification was reviewed. Biomass moisture reduces bed temperature and increases energy requirements. Co-gasification, torrefaction and HTL as pretreatment methods to reduce moisture. High pressures create operating difficulties and affect gas composition, but increase gas yields and CGE. Previous experiences of large-scale pressurized biomass gasifiers were described.