Properties of cellulose nanofibre networks prepared from never-dried and dried paper mill sludge. (1st October 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Adu, Cynthia; Berglund, Linn; Oksman, Kristiina; Eichhorn, Stephen J.; Jolly, Mark; Zhu, Chenchen
• Is Part Of: Journal of cleaner production. Volume 197(2018)Part 1
• Page Start: 765
• Page End: 771
• Publication Date: 2018-10-01
• Subjects: Factory and trade waste -- Management -- Periodicals; Manufactures -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Déchets industriels -- Gestion -- Périodiques; Usines -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; 628.5
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.263
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0959-6526

Abstract

Abstract: Paper mills yield large volumes of sludge materials which pose an environmental and economic challenge for disposal, despite the fact that they could be a valuable source for cellulose nanofibres (CNF) production. The aim of the study was to evaluate the production process and properties of CNF prepared by mechanical fibrillation of never-dried and dried paper mill sludge (PMS). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that average diameters for both never-dried and dried paper sludge nanofibres (PSNF) were less than 50 nm. The never-dried and dried sludge nanofibres showed no statistical significant difference (p > 0.05) in strength ∼92 MPa, and ∼85 MPa and modulus ∼11 GPa and ∼10 GPa. The study concludes that paper mill sludge can be used in a dried state for CNF production to reduce transportation and storage challenges posed on industrial scale.