Role of Vacuum-Assisted Closure in the Management of Crohn Anal Fistulas. (January 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hermann, Jacek; Banasiewicz, Tomasz; Kołodziejczak, Barbara
• Is Part Of: Advances in skin & wound care. Volume 32:Number 1(2019)
• Publication Date: 2019-01
• Subjects: anal fistula -- Crohn disease -- negative-pressure wound therapy -- noncutting setons -- vacuum-assisted closure -- wound healing; Wounds and injuries -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Wound healing -- Periodicals; Skin -- Diseases -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Dermatology -- United States -- Periodicals; 617.106
• DOI: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000547411.16017.58
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1527-7941

Abstract

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Patients with Crohn disease–related anal fistulas are treated with debridement of fistulous tracts and the placement of noncutting setons (NCSs). However, to reduce the high recurrence rate, there is still a need to develop more effective treatment methods. OBJECTIVE: To compare NCS with vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) treatment. METHODS: Medical records of 47 patients with Crohn anal fistulas were retrospectively evaluated. They were divided into two groups (I, VAC; II, NCS), consisting of 24 and 23 patients, respectively. The fistulas in the former group were applied with VAC, whereas NCSs were placed in the latter group. Fistula healing was evaluated with the Fistula Drainage Assessment classification, Perianal Disease Activity Index, and the van Assche MRI-Based Score. RESULTS: There was a significant difference ( P = .006) between the groups; closure of all fistulas at 6 months after treatment was achieved in 18 patients (75%) from group 1, compared with 8 patients (35%) from group 2. Partial response occurred in five patients (21%) from group 1 and in five patients (22%) from group 2. Closure of fistulous tracts was visualized via MRI in nine patients (37.50%) from group 1, more than twice as many patients as from group 2. CONCLUSIONS: Because preliminary results of the study showed a high rate of closure after application of VAC to Crohn anal fistulas, this method might be considered a novel sphincter-saving procedure.