A historical assessment of Turkey's natural gas import vulnerability. (15th February 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Berk, Istemi; Ediger, Volkan Ş.
• Is Part Of: Energy. Volume 145(2018)
• Page Start: 540
• Page End: 547
• Publication Date: 2018-02-15
• Subjects: Natural gas import vulnerability -- Turkey -- PCA methodology -- Import dependency; Power resources -- Periodicals; Power (Mechanics) -- Periodicals; Energy consumption -- Periodicals; 333.7905
• DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.01.022
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0360-5442

Abstract

Abstract: This article aims at evaluating the historical determinants and implications of Turkey's natural gas import dependency. We implement principle component analysis (PCA) methodology to construct a natural gas import vulnerability index (NGIVI) for the period between 1986 and 2014 using five factors: (1) the share of natural gas in primary energy consumption, (2) the share of natural gas in primary energy imports, (3) the non-diversification of natural gas import sources, (4) the share of LNG in total natural gas imports, and (5) natural gas import prices. Results reveal that the first two factors have always dominated the NGIVI, while the others were consequential but different times. Turkey's NGIVI increased until 2008, when it peaked, and remained relatively flat since then, indicating neither an improvement nor a worsening in its vulnerability. We also compared the NGIVI with the oil import vulnerability index (OIVI) of Turkey, constructed in 2011 by the authors. Although there has been a remarkable decline in the OIVI since the mid-1980s, the NGIVI has remained high until the present day. This result could be attributed to Turkey's different historical experience in importing oil and natural gas. Highlights: We analyze the historical natural gas import vulnerability of Turkey. We employ Principle Component Analysis method. We used five factors to create a natural gas import vulnerability index. We compare natural gas import vulnerability with oil import vulnerability.