Rational design of genetically encoded singlet oxygen photosensitizing proteins. (August 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Westberg, Michael; Etzerodt, Michael; Ogilby, Peter R
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in structural biology. Volume 57(2019)
• Page Start: 56
• Page End: 62
• Publication Date: 2019-08
• Subjects: Molecular biology -- Periodicals; 570
• DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2019.01.025
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0959-440X

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Optogenetic sensitizers facilitate the study of Reactive Oxygen Species in cells. Protein encased photosensitizers can selectively make singlet oxygen. Flavin-binding proteins provide guidelines for the design of optogenetic sensitizers. Photophysical characterization is essential and aids rational design efforts. Future studies must address sensitizer photophysics in cells. Abstract : Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as the superoxide anion, the hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen, can influence cellular processes in many ways. However, the molecular mechanisms of ROS action in cells are still poorly understood. As such, we need to develop tools that can better elucidate ROS behavior in the dynamic environment of a cell. Optogenetics provides one approach to this end. Using a genetically encoded protein-encased photosensitizer, one could produce a given ROS with a controllable yield in a specific intracellular domain or compartment. A palette of ROS sensitizing protein derivatives has emerged and, in this review, we use information gleaned from recent studies to discuss properties that define a 'good' singlet oxygen photosensitizing protein.