Aedes aegypti antiviral adaptive response against DENV-2. (July 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Serrato-Salas, Javier; Izquierdo-Sánchez, Javier; Argüello, Martha; Conde, Renáud; Alvarado-Delgado, Alejandro; Lanz-Mendoza, Humberto
• Is Part Of: Developmental and comparative immunology. Volume 84(2018)
• Page Start: 28
• Page End: 36
• Publication Date: 2018-07
• Subjects: Aedes aegypti -- Antiviral -- Priming -- Memory response -- DENV-2 -- DNA synthesis; Immunology -- Periodicals; Developmental immunology -- Periodicals; 616.079
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.01.022
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0145-305X

Abstract

Abstract: Priming is the conceptual term defining memory phenomenon in innate immune response. Numerous examples of enhanced secondary immune response have been described in diverse taxa of invertebrates; which naturally lacks memory response. In mosquitoes, a previous non-lethal challenge with some specific pathogens modify their immune response against the same microorganism; developing an improved antimicrobial reaction. In this work, we explore the ability of Aedes aegypti to mount a higher antiviral response upon a second oral DENV challenge. When previously challenged with inactive virus, we observed that the posterior infection showed a diminished number of DENV infectious particles in midguts and carcasses. In challenged tissues, we detected higher de novo midgut DNA synthesis than control group, as determined by DNA incorporation of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine. We demonstrated that inactive DENV particle are capable to induce DNA synthesis levels comparable to infective DENV. We considered the Drosophila melanogaster hindsight and Delta-Notch mosquitoes orthologues as potential de novo DNA synthesis pathway components (as observed in fly oocyte development and midgut tissue renewal). We showed that Aedes aegypti hindsight transcript relative expression levels were higher than control during DENV infection and inactive DENV particle alimentation. Also, Aedes aegypti second challenge with active DENV induced higher hindsight, Delta and Notch transcriptions in the primed mosquitoes (compared with the primary infection levels). Considering that the mosquito de novo DNA synthesis is concomitant to viral particle reduction, this finding opens a new perspective on the mechanisms underlying the vector antiviral immune response and the effector molecules involved. Highlights: Inactive virus pre-exposition alters Aedes aegypti immune response. Intensive DNA synthesis is observed during priming with inactive virus. Priming provides lesser viral propagation through the mosquito. Hindsight transcription levels are higher in primed mosquitoes than during DENV mosquitoes primary infection.