Preclinical alveolar ridge preservation using small‐sized particles of bone replacement graft in combination with a gelatin cryogel scaffold. Issue 10 (29th August 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chang, Po‐Chun; Chang, Hao‐Chieh; Lin, Tzu‐Chiao; Tai, Wei‐Chiu
• Is Part Of: Journal of periodontology. Volume 89:Issue 10(2018)
• Page Start: 1221
• Page End: 1229
• Publication Date: 2018-08-29
• Subjects: alveolar process -- bone regeneration -- tissue engineering; Periodontics -- Periodicals; 617.632
• DOI: 10.1002/JPER.17-0629
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-3492

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Particulate anorganic bovine bone matrix (ABBM) is extensively used for alveolar ridge preservation (ARP). This study evaluates the potential of ABBM/gelatin cryogel scaffold of regular (250 to 1, 000 μm) and small (50 to 100 μm) particles for ARP. Methods: ABBM was either condensed in a gypsum ring to simulate filling of ABBM in a defect or incorporated into a gelatin cryogel scaffold to disperse ABBM. Condensed regular‐sized or small‐sized ABBM (rABBM or sABBM) (± bone morphogenetic protein [BMP]‐2) were subcutaneously implanted in rats to evaluate biocompatibility and osteogenic potential. Experimental extraction sockets were surgically created on the maxillary ridges of rats and were unfilled (control), filled with rABBM/gelatin, or sABBM/gelatin cryogel scaffold. The socket fill and dimensional changes of the ridge were evaluated by microcomputed tomography imaging and histology. Results: Condensed sABBM showed acceptable biocompatibility but significantly lower interparticle distance (IPD) and porosity ( P < 0.001) compared with rABBM, whereas rABBM/gelatin and sABBM/gelatin cryogel scaffold showed similar IPD and porosity. Osteogenesis took place in rABBM/gelatin and sABBM/gelatin‐treated extraction sockets showed osteogenesis at 8 weeks and had increased ridge width and reduced ridge discrepancy compared with the control sites. sABBM/gelatin scaffold significantly increased socket fill and reduced ridge discrepancy at 4 weeks, increased ridge width at 8 weeks, and reduced buccal ridge height resorption at both 4 and 8 weeks ( P < 0.05 for all). Conclusions: Osteoconductivity was suppressed in condensed sABBM, even after adding BMP‐2. By dispersing sABBM in a gelatin cryogel scaffold, sABBM/gelatin showed a greater potential in promoting socket fill, reducing buccal ridge atrophy, and providing equivalent ridge stability compared with rABBM/gelatin.