Visual Working Memory Resources Are Best Characterized as Dynamic, Quantifiable Mnemonic Traces. (9th January 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Veksler, Bella Z.; Boyd, Rachel; Myers, Christopher W.; Gunzelmann, Glenn; Neth, Hansjörg; Gray, Wayne D.
• Is Part Of: Topics in cognitive science. Volume 9:Number 1(2017:Jan.)
• Page Start: 83
• Page End: 101
• Publication Date: 2017-01-09
• Subjects: Visual working memory -- Visual search -- ACT‐R -- Eye tracking -- Resource allocation; Cognitive science -- Periodicals; Cognitive Science -- Periodicals; 153.05
• DOI: 10.1111/tops.12248
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1756-8757

Abstract

Abstract: Visual working memory (VWM) is a construct hypothesized to store a small amount of accurate perceptual information that can be brought to bear on a task. Much research concerns the construct's capacity and the precision of the information stored. Two prominent theories of VWM representation have emerged: slot‐based and continuous‐resource mechanisms. Prior modeling work suggests that a continuous resource that varies over trials with variable capacity and a potential to make localization errors best accounts for the empirical data. Questions remain regarding the variability in VWM capacity and precision. Using a novel eye‐tracking paradigm, we demonstrate that VWM facilitates search and exhibits effects of fixation frequency and recency, particularly for prior targets. Whereas slot‐based memory models cannot account for the human data, a novel continuous‐resource model does capture the behavioral and eye tracking data, and identifies the relevant resource as item activation. Abstract : Veksler and colleagues contrast slot‐based and decay‐based models of visual working memory in a visual search task while eye‐tracking. A continuous‐resource model proposes decay over time, and enhancements by frequency. This model provides a superior fit to their data compared to slot‐based explanations.