Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy on Alcohol and Nicotine: A Systematic Review. (November 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Trahan, Mark H.; Maynard, Brandy R.; Smith, Kenneth Scott; Farina, Anne S. J.; Khoo, Yit Mui
• Is Part Of: Research on social work practice. Volume 29:Number 8(2019)
• Page Start: 876
• Page End: 891
• Publication Date: 2019-11
• Subjects: virtual reality -- alcohol -- nicotine -- exposure therapy; Social service -- Periodicals; 361.3205
• DOI: 10.1177/1049731518823073
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1049-7315

Abstract

Purpose: Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) is an intervention used to treat alcohol and nicotine dependence that delivers cue exposure therapy using a virtual reality environment; however, little is known about the effects of these interventions. Method: We used systematic review methods to examine the effects of VRET on alcohol or nicotine dependence, craving, and substance use with persons with current nicotine or alcohol dependence. We conducted a comprehensive search to retrieve published and unpublished intervention studies in 18 databases and other gray literature sources. Studies were screened, and data were extracted by two independent reviewers. Results: Five studies including 212 participants were included. Effects were found for alcohol and nicotine dependence and craving; however, significant methodological issues and high risk of bias were present across studies. Conclusion: Evidence of effects of VRET is sparse, and methodological flaws and gaps in reporting were identified. Implications for practice and research are discussed.