A retrospective analysis of allergic reaction severities and minimal eliciting doses for peanut, milk, egg, and soy oral food challenges. (June 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhu, Jianmei; Pouillot, Régis; Kwegyir-Afful, Ernest K.; Luccioli, Stefano; Gendel, Steven M.
• Is Part Of: Food and chemical toxicology. Volume 80(2015)
• Page Start: 92
• Page End: 100
• Publication Date: 2015-06
• Subjects: AIC Akaike information criterion -- AP abdominal pain -- CI confidence interval -- DBPCFC double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge -- ED eliciting dose -- GI gastrointestinal -- OAS oral allergy syndrome -- LOAEL the lowest observed adverse effect level -- NOAEL the no observed adverse effect level -- OFC oral food challenges -- RC rhinoconjunctivitis -- SPTs skin prick tests; Food allergen -- Oral food challenges -- Eliciting dose -- Reaction severity; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Food poisoning -- Periodicals; Food Poisoning -- Periodicals; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Toxicologie -- Périodiques; Intoxications alimentaires -- Périodiques; Food poisoning; Toxicology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 615.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.02.023
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0278-6915

Abstract

Highlights: We developed a three grade integrated grading system to classify allergic reaction severity in oral food challenges. We used this system to do a retrospective analysis of minimum eliciting dose and reaction severity in oral food challenges. The minimum eliciting doses for severe reactions to peanut were significantly higher than for mild or moderate reactions. No relationship was found between the minimum eliciting dose and reaction severity for milk, egg and soy. Abstract: Food allergy is a public health concern, affecting up to 6% of children and 2% of adults. The severity of allergic reactions can range from mild to potentially life-threatening. In addition, the minimum amount of protein needed to provoke an allergic reaction in an individual patient (the minimal eliciting dose (MED)) ranges from a few micrograms to several grams. To determine whether a retrospective analysis of published data from oral food challenges could be used to assess the potential relationship between MEDs and reaction severities at the MEDs, a three class (mild, moderate, severe) reaction grading system was developed by integrating previously published reaction grading systems. MEDs and symptoms were collected from food challenge studies and each reaction was graded using the integrated grading system. Peanut allergic patients who experienced severe reactions had significantly higher MEDs and threshold distribution doses than those who experienced mild and moderate reactions. No significant differences in threshold distributions according to the severity grading were found for milk, egg and soy. The relationship between threshold dose distribution and reaction severity based on these grading criteria differed between peanut and other allergens, and severe reactions were found to occur in some patients at low MEDs for all of these food allergens.