A model for electromigration induced flow in liquid metals. (1st September 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kumar, Sumit; Kumar, Praveen; Pratap, Rudra
• Is Part Of: Journal of physics. Volume 50:Number 39(2017)
• Publication Date: 2017-09-01
• Subjects: cell model for liquids -- electromigration -- electric field induced liquid metal flow -- Lennard-Jones potential; Physics -- Periodicals; 530
• DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/aa84a2
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-3727

Abstract

Abstract: Electromigration in liquid metals can be used for mass transport over a considerable length with micro- and nano-scale flow features. Exploitation of this phenomenon, however, requires a sound understanding of the liquid metal flow under an applied electric field. Depending on the sign of the effective charge number, Z *, liquid metals flow along a set direction under the applied electric field. A few liquid metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, etc, flow in the direction of the electric field, while a few others, e.g. Pb, flow in the opposite direction. Here, we propose a new model for predicting the direction of the aforementioned flow for a given liquid metal. Our model incorporates Lennard-Jones potential into the cell model of liquids in order to calculate the value of Z * as a function of temperature. We then carry out experiments on a few metals to validate the model and show that it indeed correctly predicts the ensuing flow.