Overview of first Wendelstein 7-X high-performance operation. (5th June 2019)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Overview of first Wendelstein 7-X high-performance operation. (5th June 2019)
- Main Title:
- Overview of first Wendelstein 7-X high-performance operation
- Authors:
- Klinger, T.
Andreeva, T.
Bozhenkov, S.
Brandt, C.
Burhenn, R.
Buttenschön, B.
Fuchert, G.
Geiger, B.
Grulke, O.
Laqua, H.P.
Pablant, N.
Rahbarnia, K.
Stange, T.
von Stechow, A.
Tamura, N.
Thomsen, H.
Turkin, Y.
Wegner, T.
Abramovic, I.
Äkäslompolo, S.
Alcuson, J.
Aleynikov, P.
Aleynikova, K.
Ali, A.
Alonso, A.
Anda, G.
Ascasibar, E.
Bähner, J.P.
Baek, S.G.
Balden, M.
Baldzuhn, J.
Banduch, M.
Barbui, T.
Behr, W.
Beidler, C.
Benndorf, A.
Biedermann, C.
Biel, W.
Blackwell, B.
Blanco, E.
Blatzheim, M.
Ballinger, S.
Bluhm, T.
Böckenhoff, D.
Böswirth, B.
Böttger, L.-G.
Borchardt, M.
Borsuk, V.
Boscary, J.
Bosch, H.-S.
Beurskens, M.
Brakel, R.
Brand, H.
Bräuer, T.
Braune, H.
Brezinsek, S.
Brunner, K.-J.
Bussiahn, R.
Bykov, V.
Cai, J.
Calvo, I.
Cannas, B.
Cappa, A.
Carls, A.
Carralero, D.
Carraro, L.
Carvalho, B.
Castejon, F.
Charl, A.
Chaudhary, N.
Chauvin, D.
Chernyshev, F.
Cianciosa, M.
Citarella, R.
Claps, G.
Coenen, J.
Cole, M.
Cole, M.J.
Cordella, F.
Cseh, G.
Czarnecka, A.
Czerski, K.
Czerwinski, M.
Czymek, G.
da Molin, A.
da Silva, A.
Damm, H.
de la Pena, A.
Degenkolbe, S.
Dhard, C.P.
Dibon, M.
Dinklage, A.
Dittmar, T.
Drevlak, M.
Drewelow, P.
Drews, P.
Durodie, F.
Edlund, E.
van Eeten, P.
Effenberg, F.
Ehrke, G.
Elgeti, S.
Endler, M.
Ennis, D.
Esteban, H.
Estrada, T.
Fellinger, J.
Feng, Y.
Flom, E.
Fernandes, H.
Fietz, W.H.
Figacz, W.
Fontdecaba, J.
Ford, O.
Fornal, T.
Frerichs, H.
Freund, A.
Funaba, T.
Galkowski, A.
Gantenbein, G.
Gao, Y.
García Regaña, J.
Gates, D.
Geiger, J.
Giannella, V.
Gogoleva, A.
Goncalves, B.
Goriaev, A.
Gradic, D.
Grahl, M.
Green, J.
Greuner, H.
Grosman, A.
Grote, H.
Gruca, M.
Guerard, C.
Hacker, P.
Han, X.
Harris, J.H.
Hartmann, D.
Hathiramani, D.
Hein, B.
Heinemann, B.
Helander, P.
Henneberg, S.
Henkel, M.
Hernandez Sanchez, J.
Hidalgo, C.
Hirsch, M.
Hollfeld, K.P.
Höfel, U.
Hölting, A.
Höschen, D.
Houry, M.
Howard, J.
Huang, X.
Huang, Z.
Hubeny, M.
Huber, M.
Hunger, H.
Ida, K.
Ilkei, T.
Illy, S.
Israeli, B.
Jablonski, S.
Jakubowski, M.
Jelonnek, J.
Jenzsch, H.
Jesche, T.
Jia, M.
Junghanns, P.
Kacmarczyk, J.
Kallmeyer, J.-P.
Kamionka, U.
Kasahara, H.
Kasparek, W.
Kazakov, Y.O.
Kenmochi, N.
Killer, C.
Kirschner, A.
Kleiber, R.
Knauer, J.
Knaup, M.
Knieps, A.
Kobarg, T.
Kocsis, G.
Köchl, F.
Kolesnichenko, Y.
Könies, A.
König, R.
Kornejew, P.
Koschinsky, J.-P.
Köster, F.
Krämer, M.
Krampitz, R.
Krämer-Flecken, A.
Krawczyk, N.
Kremeyer, T.
Krom, J.
Krychowiak, M.
Ksiazek, I.
Kubkowska, M.
Kühner, G.
Kurki-Suonio, T.
Kurz, P.A.
Kwak, S.
Landreman, M.
Lang, P.
Lang, R.
Langenberg, A.
Langish, S.
Laqua, H.
Laube, R.
Lazerson, S.
Lechte, C.
Lennartz, M.
Leonhardt, W.
Li, C.
Li, C.
Li, Y.
Liang, Y.
Linsmeier, C.
Liu, S.
Lobsien, J.-F.
Loesser, D.
Loizu Cisquella, J.
Lore, J.
Lorenz, A.
Losert, M.
Lücke, A.
Lumsdaine, A.
Lutsenko, V.
Maaßberg, H.
Marchuk, O.
Matthew, J.H.
Marsen, S.
Marushchenko, M.
Masuzaki, S.
Maurer, D.
Mayer, M.
McCarthy, K.
McNeely, P.
Meier, A.
Mellein, D.
Mendelevitch, B.
Mertens, P.
Mikkelsen, D.
Mishchenko, A.
Missal, B.
Mittelstaedt, J.
Mizuuchi, T.
Mollen, A.
Moncada, V.
Mönnich, T.
Morisaki, T.
Moseev, D.
Murakami, S.
Náfrádi, G.
Nagel, M.
Naujoks, D.
Neilson, H.
Neu, R.
Neubauer, O.
Neuner, U.
Ngo, T.
Nicolai, D.
Nielsen, S.K.
Niemann, H.
Nishizawa, T.
Nocentini, R.
Nührenberg, C.
Nührenberg, J.
Obermayer, S.
Offermanns, G.
Ogawa, K.
Ölmanns, J.
Ongena, J.
Oosterbeek, J.W.
Orozco, G.
Otte, M.
Pacios Rodriguez, L.
Panadero, N.
Panadero Alvarez, N.
Papenfuß, D.
Paqay, S.
Pasch, E.
Pavone, A.
Pawelec, E.
Pedersen, T.S.
Pelka, G.
Perseo, V.
Peterson, B.
Pilopp, D.
Pingel, S.
Pisano, F.
Plaum, B.
Plunk, G.
Pölöskei, P.
Porkolab, M.
Proll, J.
Puiatti, M.-E.
Puig Sitjes, A.
Purps, F.
Rack, M.
Récsei, S.
Reiman, A.
Reimold, F.
Reiter, D.
Remppel, F.
Renard, S.
Riedl, R.
Riemann, J.
Risse, K.
Rohde, V.
Röhlinger, H.
Romé, M.
Rondeshagen, D.
Rong, P.
Roth, B.
Rudischhauser, L.
Rummel, K.
Rummel, T.
Runov, A.
Rust, N.
Ryc, L.
Ryosuke, S.
Sakamoto, R.
Salewski, M.
Samartsev, A.
Sanchez, E.
Sano, F.
Satake, S.
Schacht, J.
Satheeswaran, G.
Schauer, F.
Scherer, T.
Schilling, J.
Schlaich, A.
Schlisio, G.
Schluck, F.
Schlüter, K.-H.
Schmitt, J.
Schmitz, H.
Schmitz, O.
Schmuck, S.
Schneider, M.
Schneider, W.
Scholz, P.
Schrittwieser, R.
Schröder, M.
Schröder, T.
Schroeder, R.
Schumacher, H.
Schweer, B.
Scott, E.
Sereda, S.
Shanahan, B.
Sibilia, M.
Sinha, P.
Sipliä, S.
Slaby, C.
Sleczka, M.
Smith, H.
Spiess, W.
Spong, D.A.
Spring, A.
Stadler, R.
Stejner, M.
Stephey, L.
Stridde, U.
Suzuki, C.
Svensson, J.
Szabó, V.
Szabolics, T.
Szepesi, T.
Szökefalvi-Nagy, Z.
Tancetti, A.
Terry, J.
Thomas, J.
Thumm, M.
Travere, J.M.
Traverso, P.
Tretter, J.
Trimino Mora, H.
Tsuchiya, H.
Tsujimura, T.
Tulipán, S.
Unterberg, B.
Vakulchyk, I.
Valet, S.
Vano, L.
van Milligen, B.
van Vuuren, A.J.
Vela, L.
Velasco, J.-L.
Vergote, M.
Vervier, M.
Vianello, N.
Viebke, H.
Vilbrandt, R.
Vorköper, A.
Wadle, S.
Wagner, F.
Wang, E.
Wang, N.
Wang, Z.
Warmer, F.
Wauters, T.
Wegener, L.
Weggen, J.
Wei, Y.
Weir, G.
Wendorf, J.
Wenzel, U.
Werner, A.
White, A.
Wiegel, B.
Wilde, F.
Windisch, T.
Winkler, M.
Winter, A.
Winters, V.
Wolf, S.
Wolf, R.C.
Wright, A.
Wurden, G.
Xanthopoulos, P.
Yamada, H.
Yamada, I.
Yasuhara, R.
Yokoyama, M.
Zanini, M.
Zarnstorff, M.
Zeitler, A.
Zhang, D.
Zhang, H.
Zhu, J.
Zilker, M.
Zocco, A.
Zoletnik, S.
Zuin, M.
… (more) - Abstract:
- Abstract: The optimized superconducting stellarator device Wendelstein 7-X (with major radius, minor radius, and plasma volume) restarted operation after the assembly of a graphite heat shield and 10 inertially cooled island divertor modules. This paper reports on the results from the first high-performance plasma operation. Glow discharge conditioning and ECRH conditioning discharges in helium turned out to be important for density and edge radiation control. Plasma densities of with central electron temperatures were routinely achieved with hydrogen gas fueling, frequently terminated by a radiative collapse. In a first stage, plasma densities up to were reached with hydrogen pellet injection and helium gas fueling. Here, the ions are indirectly heated, and at a central density of a temperature of with was transiently accomplished, which corresponds to with a peak diamagnetic energy of and volume-averaged normalized plasma pressure . The routine access to high plasma densities was opened with boronization of the first wall. After boronization, the oxygen impurity content was reduced by a factor of 10, the carbon impurity content by a factor of 5. The reduced (edge) plasma radiation level gives routinely access to higher densities without radiation collapse, e.g. well above line integrated density and central temperatures at moderate ECRH power. Both X2 and O2 mode ECRH schemes were successfully applied. Core turbulence was measured with a phase contrast imaging diagnosticAbstract: The optimized superconducting stellarator device Wendelstein 7-X (with major radius, minor radius, and plasma volume) restarted operation after the assembly of a graphite heat shield and 10 inertially cooled island divertor modules. This paper reports on the results from the first high-performance plasma operation. Glow discharge conditioning and ECRH conditioning discharges in helium turned out to be important for density and edge radiation control. Plasma densities of with central electron temperatures were routinely achieved with hydrogen gas fueling, frequently terminated by a radiative collapse. In a first stage, plasma densities up to were reached with hydrogen pellet injection and helium gas fueling. Here, the ions are indirectly heated, and at a central density of a temperature of with was transiently accomplished, which corresponds to with a peak diamagnetic energy of and volume-averaged normalized plasma pressure . The routine access to high plasma densities was opened with boronization of the first wall. After boronization, the oxygen impurity content was reduced by a factor of 10, the carbon impurity content by a factor of 5. The reduced (edge) plasma radiation level gives routinely access to higher densities without radiation collapse, e.g. well above line integrated density and central temperatures at moderate ECRH power. Both X2 and O2 mode ECRH schemes were successfully applied. Core turbulence was measured with a phase contrast imaging diagnostic and suppression of turbulence during pellet injection was observed. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Nuclear fusion. Volume 59:Number 11(2019:Nov.)
- Journal:
- Nuclear fusion
- Issue:
- Volume 59:Number 11(2019:Nov.)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 59, Issue 11 (2019)
- Year:
- 2019
- Volume:
- 59
- Issue:
- 11
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2019-0059-0011-0000
- Page Start:
- Page End:
- Publication Date:
- 2019-06-05
- Subjects:
- stellarator -- divertor -- ECR heating -- NBI heating -- plasma performance -- turbulence -- impurities
Nuclear fusion -- Periodicals
621.48405 - Journal URLs:
- http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/0029-5515 ↗
http://iopscience.iop.org/0029-5515/ ↗
http://ioppublishing.org/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1088/1741-4326/ab03a7 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0029-5515
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
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- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - BLDSS-3PM
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