Spin–orbit coupling induced three-dimensional topological objects in attractive Bose–Einstein condensates. (21st March 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Xu, Liang-Liang; Liu, Yong-Kai; Yang, Shi-Jie
• Is Part Of: Journal of physics. Volume 30:Number 15(2018)
• Publication Date: 2018-03-21
• Subjects: topological excitations -- multicomponent condensates -- Bose–Einstein condensates; Condensed matter -- Periodicals; Matière condensée -- Périodiques; Vaste stoffen; Vloeistoffen; Natuurkunde; Electronic journals; Computer network resources; 530.4105
• DOI: 10.1088/1361-648X/aab55e
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0953-8984

Abstract

Abstract: Attractive Bose–Einstein condensates of dilute alkali gases are unstable against collapse in two- and three-dimensional free space. Nevertheless, we demonstrate that the spin–orbit coupling of the two-component condensates counteracts the tendency of collapse and makes the system preferable to an extended spatial distribution in the three-dimensional case. Furthermore, stable topological objects can be formed in the condensates, which are shown to be the lowest energy states. Two configurations of the density profiles, called three-dimensional skyrmion and three-dimensional dimeron, respectively, are identified depending on the strength of the spin–orbit coupling.