The case for oxidative stress molecule involvement in the tick-pathogen interactions -an omics approach. (November 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hernandez, Emmanuel Pacia; Talactac, Melbourne Rio; Fujisaki, Kozo; Tanaka, Tetsuya
• Is Part Of: Developmental and comparative immunology. Volume 100(2019)
• Publication Date: 2019-11
• Subjects: Tick -- Tick cells -- Transcriptomics -- Proteomics -- Metabolomics -- Microbiome -- Immunity -- Oxidative stress; NGS next generation sequencing -- ROS reactive oxygen species -- ER endoplasmic reticulum -- UPR unfolding protein response -- TBEV tick-borne encephalitis virus -- HSP heat shock proteins -- HSF heat shock factor -- GST glutathione S-transferase -- GSH reduced glutathione -- LGTV langat virus -- FER ferritin -- ATP adenosine triphosphate -- ADP adenosine diphosphate -- V-ATPase vacuolar ATPase -- Cu2+ ATPase copper transporting ATPase; Immunology -- Periodicals; Developmental immunology -- Periodicals; 616.079
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103409
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0145-305X

Abstract

Abstract: The blood-feeding behavior of ticks has resulted in them becoming one of the most important vectors of disease-causing pathogens. Ticks possess a well-developed innate immune system to counter invading pathogens. However, the coevolution of ticks with tick-borne pathogens has adapted these pathogens to the tick's physiology and immune response through several mechanisms including transcriptional regulation. The recent development in tick and tick-borne disease research greatly involved the "omics" approach. The omics approach takes a look en masse at the different genes, proteins, metabolomes, and the microbiome of the ticks that could be differentiated during pathogen infection. Data from this approach revealed that oxidative stress-related molecules in ticks are differentiated and possibly being exploited by the pathogens to evade the tick's immune response. In this study, we review and discuss transcriptomic and proteomic data for some oxidative stress molecules differentially expressed during pathogen infection. We also discuss metabolomics and microbiome data as well as functional genomics in order to provide insight into the tick-pathogen interaction. Highlights: Ticks have an antioxidant system that is important for immunity and blood-feeding. Tick-borne pathogens exploit the tick's antioxidant system to establish infection. Antioxidant molecules could be targeted for the control of tick-borne disease. Omics approaches are "gate-openers" in studies of host–pathogen interaction.