The Nuclear Pore Complex in Cell Type-Specific Chromatin Structure and Gene Regulation. Issue 8 (August 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sun, Jiayu; Shi, Yuming; Yildirim, Eda
• Is Part Of: Trends in genetics. Volume 35:Issue 8(2019)
• Page Start: 579
• Page End: 588
• Publication Date: 2019-08
• Subjects: nuclear pore complex (NPC) -- nucleoporin (Nup) -- epigenetic gene regulation -- chromatin structure -- chromatin organization -- transcription; Genetics -- Periodicals; 576.5
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2019.05.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0168-9525

Abstract

Abstract : Nuclear pore complex (NPC)-mediated nucleocytoplasmic trafficking is essential for key cellular processes, such as cell growth, cell differentiation, and gene regulation. The NPC has also been viewed as a nuclear architectural platform that impacts genome function and gene expression by mediating spatial and temporal coordination between transcription factors, chromatin regulatory proteins, and transcription machinery. Recent findings have uncovered differential and cell type-specific expression and distinct chromatin-binding patterns of individual NPC components known as nucleoporins (Nups). Here, we examine recent studies that investigate the functional roles of NPCs and Nups in transcription, chromatin organization, and epigenetic gene regulation in the context of development and disease. Highlights: NPCs act as platforms to organize the structure, positioning, and 3D conformation of chromatin within the nucleus. NPCs and Nups can participate in gene regulation by physically interacting with the genome and cofunction with transcription factors, histone modifiers, or chromatin remodelers. Nups are differentially expressed in various cell types and their gene regulatory functions impact cell type-specific transcription programs. Altered genome regulatory functions of nucleoporins have been implicated in specific developmental defects and diseases, such as cancer.