Prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Data from the international SWEET registry. Issue 7 (22nd August 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Maffeis, Claudio; Birkebaek, Niels H.; Konstantinova, Maia; Schwandt, Anke; Vazeou, Andriani; Casteels, Kristina; Jali, Sujata; Limbert, Catarina; Pundziute‐Lycka, Auste; Toth‐Heyn, Peter; de Beaufort, Carine; Sumnik, Zdenek; Cherubini, Valentino; Svensson, Jannet; Pacaud, Daniele; Kanaka‐Gantenbein, Christina; Shalitin, Shlomit; Bratina, Natasa; Hanas, Ragnar; Alonso, Guy T.; Poran, Luxmi; Pereira, Ana L.; Marigliano, Marco
• Is Part Of: Pediatric diabetes. Volume 19:Issue 7(2018)
• Page Start: 1211
• Page End: 1220
• Publication Date: 2018-08-22
• Subjects: children -- obesity -- overweight -- prevalence -- type 1 diabetes; Diabetes in children -- Periodicals; 616.462
• DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12730
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1399-543X

Abstract

Abstract : Objective: To assess the prevalence of underweight (UW), overweight (OW), and obesity in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods: An international cross‐sectional study including 23 026 T1D children (2‐18 years, duration of diabetes ≥1 year) participating in the SWEET prospective, multicenter diabetes registry. Body mass index SD score (BMI‐SDS) was calculated using the World Health Organization BMI charts. Children were categorized as UW (BMI‐SDS < −2SD), OW (+1SD < BMI‐SDS ≤ +2SD), and obese (OB) (BMI‐SDS > +2SD). Hierarchic regression models were applied with adjustment for sex, age, and duration of diabetes. Results: The prevalence of UW, OW, and obesity was: 1.4%, 22.3%, and 7.3% in males and 0.6%, 27.2%, and 6.8% in females. Adjusted BMI‐SDS was significantly higher in females than in males (mean ± SEM: 0.54 ± 0.05 vs 0.40 ± 0.05, P < 0.0001). In males, BMI‐SDS significantly decreased by age ( P < 0.0001) in the first three age categories 0.61 ± 0.06 (2 to <10 years), 0.47 ± 0.06 (10 to <13 years), 0.34 ± 0.05 (13 to <16 years). In females, BMI‐SDS showed a U‐shaped distribution by age ( P < 0.0001): 0.54 ± 0.04 (2 to <10 years), 0.39 ± 0.04 (10 to <13 years), 0.55 ± 0.04 (13 to <16 years). BMI‐SDS increased by diabetes duration (<2 years: 0.38 ± 0.05, 2 to <5 years: 0.44 ± 0.05, and ≥5 years: 0.50 ± 0.05, P < 0.0001). Treatment modality did not affect BMI‐SDS. Adjusted HbA1c was significantly higher in females than in males (8.20% ± 0.10% vs 8.06% ± 0.10%, P < 0.0001). In both genders, the association between HbA1c and BMI‐SDS was U‐shaped with the highest HbA1c in the UW and obesity groups. Conclusions: The high rate of OW and obesity (31.8%) emphasize the need for developing further strategies to prevent and treat excess fat accumulation in T1D.