Effects of single and combined toxic exposures on the gut microbiome: Current knowledge and future directions. (15th September 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Tsiaoussis, John; Antoniou, Michael N.; Koliarakis, Ioannis; Mesnage, Robin; Vardavas, Constantine I.; Izotov, Boris N.; Psaroulaki, Anna; Tsatsakis, Aristidis
• Is Part Of: Toxicology letters. Volume 312(2019)
• Page Start: 72
• Page End: 97
• Publication Date: 2019-09-15
• Subjects: a/a non-agouti -- Ace-K acesulfame-potassium -- Ag silver -- AgNP silver nanoparticle -- AhR aryl hydrocarbon receptor -- Al aluminum -- ARG antimicrobial resistance gene -- As arsenic -- Asp aspartame -- Avy agouti viable yellow -- B[a]P benzo[a]pyrene -- BMI body mass index -- BoNT botulinum neurotoxin -- bw body weight -- CAR constitutive androstane receptor -- CBZ carbendazim -- Cd cadmium -- CeO2 cerium dioxide -- CeO2NP cerium dioxide nanoparticle -- CFTR cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator -- CNT carbon nanotube -- CPF chlorpyrifos -- Cu copper -- CYP cytochrome P450 -- DAO diamine oxidase -- DDD dichlorodiphenyl-dichlorophenylethane -- DDE dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene -- DDT dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane -- DGGE denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis -- DKP 2, 5-diketopiperazine -- DMAsV dimethylarsinic acid -- EPM elevated plus maze -- EPO epoxiconazole -- EPS extracellular polymeric substance -- EPSPS 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase -- Fe iron -- Fiaf fasting induced adipose factor -- FOXP3 forkhead box protein P3 -- FXR farnesoid X receptor -- GBH GLP-based herbicide -- GLP glyphosate -- GLUT glucose transporter -- GM genetically modified -- GPR G-protein coupled receptor -- GWI Gulf War Illness -- HF high-fat -- iAs inorganic arsenic -- iAsIII arsenite -- iAsV arsenate -- IBD inflammatory bowel disease -- IFN interferon -- IL interleukin -- IMZ imazalil -- iNOS nitric oxide synthase -- Lcn lipocalin-2 -- LPS lipopolysaccharide -- MCP monocyte chemoattractant protein -- MeSO2-PCB PCB-methyl sulfone derivative -- MET microbial ecosystem therapeutic -- MHC-II major histocompatibility complex class II -- MIC minimum inhibitory concentration -- MMAsIII monomethylarsonous acid -- MMAsV monomethylarsonic acid -- MMMTAsV monomethylmonothioarsonic acid -- MMP matrix metalloproteinase -- MUC mucin -- MWCNT multi-walled carbon nanotube -- NAS non-caloric artificial sweeteners -- NF normal-fat -- NH3-N ammoniacal nitrogen -- NK natural killer -- NP nanoparticle -- oAs organic arsenic -- PAH polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon -- Pb lead -- PBPK physiologically based pharmacokinetic -- PCB polychlorinated biphenyl -- PCR polymerase chain reaction -- PERM permethrin -- PND post-natal day -- POP persistent organic pollutant -- ppb parts per billion -- ppm parts per million -- PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone -- RU roundup -- RUSITEC rumen simulation technique -- Sac saccharin -- SCFA short-chain fatty acid -- SFB segmented filamentous bacteria -- SHIME simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem -- SiO2 silicon dioxide -- SiO2NP silicon dioxide nanoparticle -- Suc sucralose -- SWCNT single-walled carbon nanotube -- TCDD 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin -- TCDF 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran -- TDI tolerable daily intake -- TG triglyceride -- TGF transforming growth factor -- TiO2 titanium dioxide -- TiO2NP titanium dioxide nanoparticle -- TLR toll-like receptors -- TNF tumor necrosis factor alpha -- T-reg regulatory T cell -- ZnO zinc oxide -- ZnONP zinc oxide nanoparticle; Gut microbiota -- Chemical mixtures -- Environmental pollutants -- Toxicity -- Host health; Toxicology -- Periodicals; 363.179
• DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.04.014
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0378-4274

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Xenobiotics affect the gut microbiome influencing development of metabolic diseases Xenobiotics have unpredictable effects on the gut microbiome. More studies are needed to simulate real-life exposure scenarios. Abstract: Human populations are chronically exposed to mixtures of toxic chemicals. Predicting the health effects of these mixtures require a large amount of information on the mode of action of their components. Xenobiotic metabolism by bacteria inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract has a major influence on human health. Our review aims to explore the literature for studies looking to characterize the different modes of action and outcomes of major chemical pollutants, and some components of cosmetics and food additives, on gut microbial communities in order to facilitate an estimation of their potential mixture effects. We identified good evidence that exposure to heavy metals, pesticides, nanoparticles, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins, furans, polychlorinated biphenyls, and non-caloric artificial sweeteners affect the gut microbiome and which is associated with the development of metabolic, malignant, inflammatory, or immune diseases. Answering the question 'Who is there?' is not sufficient to define the mode of action of a toxicant in predictive modeling of mixture effects. Therefore, we recommend that new studies focus to simulate real-life exposure to diverse chemicals (toxicants, cosmetic/food additives), including as mixtures, and which combine metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and metabolomic analytical methods achieving in that way a comprehensive evaluation of effects on human health.