Elucidating the Role of Protandim and 6‐Gingerol in Protection Against Osteoarthritis. Issue 5 (5th January 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Abusarah, Jamilah; Benabdoune, Houda; Shi, Qin; Lussier, Bertrand; Martel‐Pelletier, Johanne; Malo, Michel; Fernandes, Julio C.; de Souza, Fátima Pereira; Fahmi, Hassan; Benderdour, Mohamed
• Is Part Of: Journal of cellular biochemistry. Volume 118:Issue 5(2017)
• Page Start: 1003
• Page End: 1013
• Publication Date: 2017-01-05
• Subjects: OSTEOARTHRITIS -- CARTILAGE -- Nrf2 -- GSTA4‐4 -- HNE -- PROTANDIM; Cytochemistry -- Periodicals; 572
• DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25659
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0730-2312

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Protandim and 6‐gingerol, two potent nutraceuticals, have been shown to decrease free radicals production through enhancing endogenous antioxidant enzymes. In this study, we evaluated the effects of these products on the expression of different factors involved in osteoarthritis (OA) process. Human OA chondrocytes were treated with 1 ng/ml IL‐1β in the presence or absence of protandim (0–10 μg/ml) or 6‐gingerol (0–10 μM). OA was induced surgically in mice by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). The animals were treated weekly with an intraarticular injection of 10 μl of vehicle or protandim (10 μg/ml) for 8 weeks. Sham‐operated mice served as controls. In vitro, we demonstrated that protandim and 6‐gingerol preserve cell viability and mitochondrial metabolism and prevented 4‐hydroxynonenal (HNE)‐induced cell mortality. They activated Nrf2 transcription factor, abolished IL‐1β‐induced NO, PGE2, MMP‐13, and HNE production as well as IL‐β‐induced GSTA4‐4 down‐regulation. Nrf2 overexpression reduced IL‐1β‐induced HNE and MMP‐13 as well as IL‐1β‐induced GSTA4‐4 down‐regulation. Nrf2 knockdown following siRNA transfection abolished protandim protection against oxidative stress and catabolism. The activation of MAPK and NF‐κB by IL‐1β was not affected by 6‐gingerol. In vivo, we observed that Nrf2 and GSTA4‐4 expression was significantly lower in OA cartilage from humans and mice compared to normal controls. Interestingly, protandim administration reduced OA score in DMM mice. Altogether, our data indicate that protandim and 6‐gingerol are essential in preserving cartilage and abolishing a number of factors known to be involved in OA pathogenesis. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1003–1013, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Abstract : In human osteoarthritic chondrocytes, both protandim and 6‐gingerol block the expression of a number of factors involved in osteoarthritis process, through Nrf2 activation. In mouse model of osteoarthritis, the intraarticular injection of protandim attenuates cartilage degradation.