Limulus and heart rhythm. Issue 1 (24th September 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kodirov, Sodikdjon A.; Psyrakis, Dimitrios; Brachmann, Johannes; Zhuravlev, Vladimir L.
• Is Part Of: Journal of experimental zoology. Volume 331:Issue 1(2019)
• Page Start: 61
• Page End: 79
• Publication Date: 2018-09-24
• Subjects: Cardiac ganglion -- invertebrate -- mammal -- myogenic rhythm -- neuron -- regulatory nerves; Zoology -- Periodicals; Zoology; Animal Population Groups -- physiology; Zoology; Electronic journals; Periodical; Periodicals; 590
• DOI: 10.1002/jez.2235
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2471-5646

Abstract

Abstract: Great interest in the comparative physiology of hearts and their functions in Animalia has emerged with classic papers on Limulus polyphemus and mollusks. The recurrent cardiac activity—heart rate—is the most important physiological parameter and when present the kardia (Greek) is vital to the development of entire organs of the organisms in the animal kingdom. Extensive studies devoted to the regulation of cardiac rhythm in invertebrates have revealed that the basics of heart physiology are comparable to mammals. The hearts of invertebrates also beat spontaneously and are supplied with regulatory nerves: either excitatory or inhibitory or both. The distinct nerves and the source of excitation/inhibition at the level of single neurons are described for many invertebrate genera. The vertebrates and a majority of invertebrates have myogenic hearts, whereas the horseshoe crab L. polyphemus and a few other animals have a neurogenic cardiac rhythm. Nevertheless, the myogenic nature of heartbeat is precursor, because the contraction of native and stem‐cell‐derived cardiomyocytes does occur in the absence of any neural elements. Even in L. polyphemus, the heart rhythm is myogenic at embryonic stages. Abstract : Xiphosura (from Greek—sword tail, Мечехвост—Russian, Schwertschwanz—German) are important for the elucidation of the evolution of behavior and physiology, especially that of cor . They contain unknown structures within the myocardium. Note one of the evolutionarily conserved aspects of life in behaving − mating (1 female ♀ and six males ♂) L. polyphemus . A complete tetanus could be defined as a similar event to the systolic arrest in Mammalia. There is a transition from a myogenic cardiac rhythm to a neurogenic one in L. polyphemus .