Homicide and Indigenous peoples in North America: A structural analysis. (May 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Monchalin, Lisa; Marques, Olga; Reasons, Charles; Arora, Prince
• Is Part Of: Aggression and violent behavior. Volume 46(2019)
• Page Start: 212
• Page End: 218
• Publication Date: 2019-05
• Subjects: Indigenous peoples -- Homicide -- Structural violence -- Institutional violence -- Colonialism; Aggressiveness -- Periodicals; Violence -- Periodicals; Violent offenders -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 302.54
• DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2019.01.011
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1359-1789

Abstract

Abstract: Indigenous peoples in Canada and the United States experience high levels of homicide and violence. In fact, the Indigenous homicide rate is the highest of any racial and ethnic group in either country. Of particular concern, is the amount of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls. While violence has been subject to vast research in Canada and the United States, most of the literature focuses upon the micro factors. These types of explanations however, largely fail to provide the historical and structural framework for understanding violence affecting Indigenous peoples. For instance, the crisis of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls must not be separated from the structural embeddedness of colonialism and the impacts of patriarchy. While the history of colonialism is usually evoked within the literature to provide context, this paper argues that colonialism is not only a contextual factor to situate individual violence, but rather that the embeddedness of colonialism within the political, economic, and social organization, or structure of society, leads to the continued precarity of Indigenous people to violence and victimization – particularly homicide. Highlights: Settler colonialism is inherently violent. High rates of homicide of Indigenous persons must be situated within settler colonialism. Colonialism has been instrumental in the structural violence experienced by Indigenous peoples. Colonial violence has been built directly into the structure of societal institutions. Stereotypes endemic to social structures render Indigenous peoples precarious to homicide.