Inhalation of Nebulized Diesel Particulate Matter: A Safety Trial in Healthy Humans. (3rd February 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dorman, Sandra C.; Sutcliffe, Kaylyn M.; Abourbih, Jacques; Ritz, Stacey A.
• Other Names: Sajkov Dimitar Academic Editor.
• Is Part Of: Journal of respiratory medicine. Volume 2014(2014)
• Publication Date: 2014-02-03
• Subjects: Respiratory organs -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Respiratory organs -- Diseases; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 616.2
• DOI: 10.1155/2014/797050
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2356-7619

Abstract

Abstract : Diesel particulate matter (DPM) has adverse health effects. Examining the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms would be facilitated by the introduction of an exposure method that is safe, portable, and cost-effective. The purpose of this study was to establish a novel method to study DPM exposure via nebulization and an inhalation dose that was safe, yet capable of eliciting an inflammatory response. Ten participants enrolled in this nonblinded, nonrandomized study. Subjects inhaled nebulized 0.9% saline and increasing doses of DPM suspended in 0.9% saline (75, 150, and 300 μ g) in a sequential manner. FEV1 was measured repeatedly during the first 2 h after exposure and blood, oximetry, sputum, and heart rate were taken before, 2 h, and 24 h after inhalation challenge. DPM inhalation was well-tolerated at all doses. A decrease in FEV1 was observed after each inhalation challenge (including saline). Inhalation of 300 μ g DPM produced a significantly different FEV1 response curve. An increase in particle inclusion-positive sputum macrophages for all DPM doses confirmed that the nebulized particles were reaching the lower airways. Serum GM-CSF was elevated after exposures to 150 and 300 μ g DPM. No other inflammatory changes were detected. DPM inhalation via nebulizer is a safe method of delivering low doses of DPMs in healthy people.