GDNF–Ret signaling in midbrain dopaminergic neurons and its implication for Parkinson disease. Issue 24 (7th November 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kramer, Edgar R.; Liss, Birgit
• Is Part Of: FEBS letters. Volume 589:Issue 24(2015) Part A
• Page Start: 3760
• Page End: 3772
• Publication Date: 2015-11-07
• Subjects: 6-OHDA -- 6-hydroxy-dopamine -- Akt, PKB -- protein kinase B, serine/threonine-specific protein kinase -- BDNF -- brain derived neurotrophic factor -- CaMKIIβ -- calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II β isoform -- cAMP -- 3′, 5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate -- catecholamine -- monoamine, neurotransmitter type including dopamine, epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) -- CCCP -- carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone -- Cdc42 -- cell division control protein 42 homolog, a plasma membrane-associated small GTPase of the Rho family -- COMT -- catechol-O-methyltransferase -- CoREST -- co-repressor for element-1-silencing transcription factor, a chromatin-modifying corepressor complex that acts with REST (repressor for element-1 silencing transcription factor) complex -- GABA -- γ-aminobutyric acid, inhibitory neurotransmitter in mammalian central nervous system -- GTPase -- cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state -- DA -- dopaminergic -- DAT -- dopamine transporter -- DJ-1 -- deglycase, oxidative stress sensor and redox-sensitive chaperone and protease -- DOK1/4/5/6 -- docking proteins, have a PH and SH3 domain -- EGFP -- enhanced green fluorescent protein -- EGR1 -- early growth response protein 1, Zif268 (zinc finger protein 225), NGFI-A (nerve growth factor-induced protein A), is a zinc finger transcription factor -- Enigma -- adaptor protein of the PDZ-LIM family -- ER -- endoplasmatic reticulum -- ERK -- extracellular-signal-regulated kinases, classical MAPKs -- FosB/ΔFosB -- FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog B, a transcription factor with a truncated Δ form -- FRS2 -- fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2, adaptor protein -- GAP1/2 -- GTPase-activating proteins 1 and 2 -- GDNF -- glia cell line-derived neurotrophic factor -- GFLs -- GDNF family of ligands -- GFRα -- GDNF family receptor α -- GPI -- glycosylphosphatidylinositol -- GRB2/7/10 -- growth factor receptor-bound protein 2, 7 and 10, adaptor proteins -- gsk3β -- glycogen synthase kinase 3β -- HIF-1a -- hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha -- IRS1/2 -- insulin receptor substrate 1, adaptor protein, contains a PTB and PH domain -- JNK -- c-Jun N-terminal kinases, members of the MAPK family of proteins -- Kv4.3 and KChip3 -- subunits of the Ca2+-sensitive, voltage gated A-type K+ channel -- LIM -- (acronym combining the first letters of three proteins – Lin11, Isl-1 and Mec-3 – that have this common domain) protein interaction domain of two contiguous zinc finger domains, separated by a two-amino acid residue hydrophobic linker -- MEN2B -- multiple endocrine neoplasia 2 type B, mutation in the kinase domain of the Ret leading to constitutive active receptor -- MAOA/MAOB -- monoamine oxidases A and B -- MAPK -- mitogen-activated protein kinase, can phosphorylate serine, threonine, and tyrosine, e.g. p38MAPK -- MPTP -- 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine -- NCAM -- neuronal cell adhesion molecule -- NF-κB -- nuclear factor 'kappa-light-chain-enhancer' of activated B-cells, transcription factor family with Rel homology domain (RHD) -- NGF -- nerve growth factor -- Nurr1 -- orphan nuclear receptor and transcription factor -- PACE4, PCSK6 -- proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6 -- PC5A, PC5B, and PC7 -- proprotein convertases -- PD -- Parkinson disease -- PDZ -- (acronym combining the first letters of three proteins – post synaptic density protein (PSD95), Drosophila disc large tumor suppressor (Dlg1), and zonula occludens-1 protein (zo-1) that have this common domain) protein interaction domain -- PH -- pleckstrin homology domain -- PI3K -- phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate 3-kinase -- PINK1 -- PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 -- PKA -- protein kinase A, a family of cAMP-dependent protein kinase -- PLCγ -- phospholipase γ cleaves the phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate (PIP2) into diacyl glycerol (DAG) and inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate (IP3) ppp3R1/ppp3CB, calcineurin subunits -- PTB -- phosphotyrosine-binding domains -- PI -- phosphotyrosine-interaction domain -- PTEN -- phosphatase and tensin homolog -- Rac1 -- Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rho family), a small GTPase, like CDC42 -- Raf -- (rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma/rat fibrosarcoma) family of serine/threonine-protein kinase -- Ras -- (Rat sarcoma) family of small membrane-associated GTPase -- Rho -- (Ras homolog) family of small GTPases including Cdc42, Rac1, and RhoA -- Ret -- (rearranged during transfection) canonical GDNF receptor, a receptor tyrosine kinase -- RRF -- retro-rubal field -- Ser/Thr -- serine and threonine, which can be phosphorylated -- Shank3 -- SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 3, proline-rich synapse-associated protein 2 (ProSAP2) -- SHC -- SH2 domain containing transforming protein 1 -- SHP-2 -- cytoplasmic SH2 domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase -- SN -- substantia nigra -- SNP -- single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis -- SorLA -- sorting protein-related receptor with A-type repeats, a member of the mammal Vps10p domain receptor -- SOS -- son of sevenless, family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that act on Ras -- Src -- (sarcoma protein) membrane-associated tyrosine kinase with different Src homology (SH) domains characteristic for all 9 members of the Src family kinases -- Tyr -- tyrosines, which can be phosphorylated -- TGF-β -- transforming growth factor β is a secreted protein that controls proliferation and cellular differentiation -- TIEG -- TGF-β-inducible early-response gene, a zinc finger transcription factor Vav2, adaptor protein and guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho family of Ras-related GTPases -- VPS10P -- vacuolar protein sorting 10 protein-domain receptors are type 1 transmembrane proteins -- VTA -- ventral tegmental area -- Dopaminergic system -- Glia cell line-derived neurotrophic factor -- Rearranged during transfection -- Parkinson disease -- Drug addiction -- Mouse model; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Biophysics -- Periodicals; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Biochimie -- Périodiques; Biochemistry; Biophysics; Molecular biology; Periodicals; 572.05
• DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.11.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0014-5793

Abstract

Abstract : Glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and its canonical receptor Ret can signal together or independently to fulfill many important functions in the midbrain dopaminergic (DA) system. While Ret signaling clearly impacts on the development, maintenance and regeneration of the mesostriatal DA system, the physiological functions of GDNF for the DA system are still unclear. Nevertheless, GDNF is still considered to be an excellent candidate to protect and/or regenerate the mesostriatal DA system in Parkinson disease (PD). Clinical trials with GDNF on PD patients are, however, so far inconclusive. Here, we review the current knowledge of GDNF and Ret signaling and function in the midbrain DA system, and their crosstalk with proteins and signaling pathways associated with PD.