Nitric oxide in the pathophysiology of retinopathy: evidences from preclinical and clinical researches. Issue 3 (8th April 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Opatrilova, Radka; Kubatka, Peter; Caprnda, Martin; Büsselberg, Dietrich; Krasnik, Vladimir; Vesely, Pavol; Saxena, Sandeep; Ruia, Surabhi; Mozos, Ioana; Rodrigo, Luis; Kruzliak, Peter; dos Santos, Katia Goncalves
• Is Part Of: Acta ophthalmologica. Volume 96:Issue 3(2018)
• Page Start: 222
• Page End: 231
• Publication Date: 2017-04-08
• Subjects: antioxidant therapy -- diabetic retinopathy -- gene polymorphism -- hypertensive retinopathy -- ischaemic proliferative retinopathy -- nitric oxide -- nitric oxide -- nitric oxide synthase; Ophthalmology -- Periodicals; 617.7005
• DOI: 10.1111/aos.13384
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1755-375X

Abstract

Abstract: Retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness and visual disability in working‐aged people. The pathogenesis of retinopathy is an actual and still open query. Alterations contributing to oxidative and nitrosative stress, including elevated nitric oxide and superoxide production, changes in the expression of different isoforms of nitric oxide synthase or endogenous antioxidant system, have been implicated in the mechanisms how this ocular disease develops. In addition, it was documented that renin–angiotensin system has been implicated in the progression of retinopathy. Based on comprehensive preclinical and clinical researches in this area, the role of above‐mentioned factors in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy and ischaemic proliferative retinopathy is reviewed in this study. Moreover, the genetic susceptibility factors involved in the development of the retinopathy and possible strategies that utilize antioxidants as additive therapy are also highlighted here.