Anti-Double-Stranded DNA Isotypes and Anti-C1q Antibody Improve the Diagnostic Specificity of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. (27th September 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jia, Yu; Zhao, Lingling; Wang, Chunyan; Shang, Jin; Miao, Yi; Dong, Yangyang; Zhao, Zhanzheng
• Other Names: Harangi Mariann Academic Editor.
• Is Part Of: Disease markers. Volume 2018(2018)
• Publication Date: 2018-09-27
• Subjects: Diagnosis -- Periodicals; Biochemical markers -- Periodicals; Pathology -- Periodicals; 616
• DOI: 10.1155/2018/4528547
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0278-0240

Abstract

Abstract : Objectives . We aimed to evaluate the value of immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgM, and IgA isotypes of anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) and anti-C1q antibody in diagnosing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and elucidate their association with disease activity and lupus nephritis. Methods . Blood samples were obtained from 96 SLE patients, 62 other autoimmune disease patients, and 60 healthy blood donors. Anti-dsDNA IgG, IgM, and IgA isotypes and anti-C1q antibody were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Disease activity of SLE patients was assessed according to the SLE Disease Activity Index score. Results . When specificity was greater than 90%, the sensitivity of anti-dsDNA IgG, IgM, and IgA isotypes and anti-C1q antibody in diagnosing SLE was 75%, 45%, 33%, and 49%, respectively. The prevalence of anti-dsDNA IgG (p = 0.002 ), anti-dsDNA IgA (p = 0.028 ), and anti-C1q antibody (p = 0.000 ) in active cases was significantly higher than those in inactive ones. In addition, the presence of anti-C1q antibody was associated with renal involvement (p = 0.032 ). Anti-dsDNA IgM showed no significant association with disease activity, but it was inversely linked with lupus nephritis (p = 0.005 ). When anti-dsDNA IgG and IgA and anti-C1q were combined to evaluate SLE disease activity, the specificity reached the highest level (90%). When anti-C1q positive was accompanied by anti-dsDNA IgM negative, the specificity of diagnosing lupus nephritis was up to 96%. Conclusions . This study demonstrated the role of anti-dsDNA IgG, IgM, and IgA isotypes and anti-C1q antibody alone or combination in diagnosing SLE. Anti-dsDNA IgG and IgA and anti-C1q were shown to be associated with disease activity, while anti-dsDNA IgM and anti-C1q were associated with lupus nephritis. When the related antibodies were combined, the diagnostic specificity was significantly higher.