Regulation of Adipose Tissue Metabolism by the Endocannabinoid System. (May 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: van Eenige, Robin; van der Stelt, Mario; Rensen, Patrick C.N.; Kooijman, Sander
• Is Part Of: Trends in endocrinology and metabolism. Volume 29:Number 5(2018)
• Page Start: 326
• Page End: 337
• Publication Date: 2018-05
• Subjects: endocannabinoid system -- brown adipose tissue -- white adipose tissue -- lipid metabolism -- metabolic disease; Endocrinology -- Periodicals; Metabolism -- Periodicals; Metabolism; 616.4
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2018.03.001
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1043-2760

Abstract

Abstract : White adipose tissue (WAT) stores excess energy as triglycerides, and brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized in dissipating energy as heat. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is involved in a broad range of physiological processes and is increasingly recognized as a key player in adipose tissue metabolism. High ECS tonus in the fed state is associated with a disadvantageous metabolic phenotype, and this has led to a search for pharmacological strategies to inhibit the ECS. In this review we present recent developments that cast light on the regulation of adipose tissue metabolism by the ECS, and we discuss novel treatment options including the modulation of endocannabinoid synthesis and breakdown enzymes. Highlights: Activation of BAT thermogenesis and WAT browning protects from adiposity and related cardiometabolic disorders. The endocannabinoid system is a key player in adipose tissue function. Endocannabinoids provide an autocrine/paracrine negative feedback loop in adrenergic stimulation of adipose tissue. The development of modulators of synthesis and breakdown enzymes of endocannabinoids opens up a new window for therapeutic interventions.