Evaluation of a lateral flow immunoassay for the detection of the synthetic opioid fentanyl. (July 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Angelini, Daniel J.; Biggs, Tracey D.; Maughan, Michele N.; Feasel, Michael G.; Sisco, Edward; Sekowski, Jennifer W.
• Is Part Of: Forensic science international. Volume 300(2019)
• Page Start: 75
• Page End: 81
• Publication Date: 2019-07
• Subjects: CCDC Combat Capabilities Development Command -- COTS commercial-off-the-shelf -- DART direct analysis in real time -- ECT50 50% effective concentration-time -- FIBF p-fluoroisobutyryl fentanyl -- FYL fentanyl -- GC gas chromatography -- IACUC Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee -- LFI lateral flow immunoassay -- LC liquid chromatography -- LOD limit of detection -- MS mass spectrometry -- NIDA National Institute on Drug Abuse -- NIST National Institute of Standards & Technology -- PBS phosphate buffered saline; Detection -- Fentanyl -- Forensic science -- Illicit drug -- Lateral flow immunoassay -- Opioid; Medical jurisprudence -- Periodicals; Chemistry, Forensic -- Periodicals; Forensic Medicine -- Periodicals; Médecine légale -- Périodiques; Chimie légale -- Périodiques; Gerechtelijke geneeskunde; Gerechtelijke chemie; Gerechtelijke psychiatrie; Chemistry, Forensic; Medical jurisprudence; Electronic journals; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 614.1
• DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.04.019
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0379-0738

Abstract

Highlights: The lateral flow immunoassays detected fentanyl in both urine and saliva. The lateral flow immunoassays detected fentanyl following an in vivo exposure. These lateral flow immunoassays cross-reacted with several fentanyl analogs. Fentanyl was detected in case samples by the lateral flow immunoassays. Abstract: In 2017, 47, 600 overdose deaths were reported to be associated with the abuse of opioids, including prescription painkillers (e.g. oxycodone), opiates (e.g. heroin), or synthetic opioids (e.g. fentanyl) within the United States. The recent spike in the presence of synthetic opioids in lots of heroin distributed on the street present specific and significant challenges to law enforcement. Synthetic opioids are extremely toxic substances, which can easily be inhaled. This type of exposure can lead to accidental overdoses by law enforcement and other first responders answering calls involving illicit drugs containing these substances. Due to this extreme toxicity, it is important for these individuals to have tools that can be easily deployed for accurate presumptive field tests. Currently, there are only a limited number of presumptive tests available for fentanyl detection. In this study, we addressed this technology gap by evaluating newly developed lateral flow immunoassays (LFIs) designed for the detection of fentanyl and its derivatives. These LFIs were evaluated for effectiveness in different biofluid matrices, following an in vivo exposure, cross-reactivity with fentanyl analogs, and in case samples. This study demonstrates that LFIs have the potential to be used by law enforcement for the detection of synthetic opioids.