AERMOD as a Gaussian dispersion model for planning tracer gas dispersion tests for landfill methane emission quantification. (15th March 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Matacchiera, F.; Manes, C.; Beaven, R.P.; Rees-White, T.C.; Boano, F.; Mønster, J.; Scheutz, C.
• Is Part Of: Waste management. Volume 87(2019)
• Page Start: 924
• Page End: 936
• Publication Date: 2019-03-15
• Subjects: Modelling -- Tracer dispersion method -- Full mixing distance -- Vertical mixing -- GHG emissions; Hazardous wastes -- Periodicals; Refuse and refuse disposal -- Periodicals; 363.728
• DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.02.007
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0956-053X

Abstract

Highlights: Use Gaussian dispersion models to plan tracer gas dispersion campaigns for landfill. Understand relationship between plume mixing and measurement error before campaign. Differences in vertical mixing in the source/tracer plume causes measurement error. Place tracer release points parallel to wind direction in idealised situation. Optimal wind speed for TDM campaigns is between ∼ 4 and 8 m/s. Abstract: The measurement of methane emissions from landfills is important to the understanding of landfills' contribution to greenhouse gas emissions. The Tracer Dispersion Method (TDM) is becoming widely accepted as a technique, which allows landfill emissions to be quantified accurately provided that measurements are taken where the plumes of a released tracer-gas and landfill-gas are well-mixed. However, the distance at which full mixing of the gases occurs is generally unknown prior to any experimental campaign. To overcome this problem the present paper demonstrates that, for any specific TDM application, a simple Gaussian dispersion model (AERMOD) can be run beforehand to help determine the distance from the source at which full mixing conditions occur, and the likely associated measurement errors. An AERMOD model was created to simulate a series of TDM trials carried out at a UK landfill, and was benchmarked against the experimental data obtained. The model was used to investigate the impact of different factors (e.g. tracer cylinder placements, wind directions, atmospheric stability parameters) on TDM results to identify appropriate experimental set ups for different conditions. The contribution of incomplete vertical mixing of tracer and landfill gas on TDM measurement error was explored using the model. It was observed that full mixing conditions at ground level do not imply full mixing over the entire plume height. However, when full mixing conditions were satisfied at ground level, then the error introduced by variations in mixing higher up were always less than 10%.