Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism in Egyptian children with systemic lupus erythematosus: a possible relation to proliferative nephritis. (June 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hammad, A; Yahia, S; Laimon, W; Hamed, S M; Shouma, A; Shalaby, N M; Abdel-Hady, D; Ghanem, R; El-Farahaty, R M; El-Bassiony, S R; Hammad, E M
• Is Part Of: Lupus. Volume 26:Number 7(2017)
• Page Start: 762
• Page End: 767
• Publication Date: 2017-06
• Subjects: Systemic lupus erythematosus -- ACE I/D gene polymorphism -- lupus nephritis -- Egyptian children; Systemic lupus erythematosus -- Periodicals; 616.772005
• DOI: 10.1177/0961203316682096
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0961-2033

Abstract

Introduction: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is crucial in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus through angiotensin II which regulates vascular tone and endothelial functions. Objectives: To study the frequency of ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphism in Egyptian children with systemic lupus erythematosus and its possible relation to the renal pathology in cases with lupus nephritis. Subjects and methods: The frequency of ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism genotypes was determined in 78 Egyptian children with systemic lupus erythematosus and compared to a matched group of 140 healthy controls using polymerase chain reaction. Results: The DD genotype of the ACE gene was higher in systemic lupus erythematosus patients when compared to controls ( P< 0.0001; odds ratio (OR) 2.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7–3.3) and the D allele was more frequent than the I allele in systemic lupus erythematosus patients in comparison to controls ( P < 0.0001; OR = 2.2; 95% CI = (1.6–3.1). In the lupus nephritis group, the DD genotype was significantly higher in those with proliferative lupus nephritis when compared to those with non-proliferative lupus nephritis ( P = 0.02; OR = 1.45; 95% CI = 1.4–1.6). Also, patients with proliferative lupus nephritis showed a higher frequency of the D allele ( P < 0.001; OR = 1.98; 95% CI = 1.3–2.9). Conclusion: The D allele and DD genotype of the ACE gene appear to be a risk factor for the susceptibility of systemic lupus erythematosus and occurrence of proliferative nephritis in Egyptian children.