Sex-Related Differences in the Effects of the Mediterranean Diet on Glucose and Insulin Homeostasis. (9th October 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bédard, Alexandra; Corneau, Louise; Lamarche, Benoît; Dodin, Sylvie; Lemieux, Simone
• Other Names: Li Duo Academic Editor.
• Is Part Of: Journal of nutrition and metabolism. Volume 2014(2014)
• Publication Date: 2014-10-09
• Subjects: Nutrition -- Periodicals; Metabolism -- Periodicals; Diet in disease -- Periodicals; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolism; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional Sciences; Diet in disease; Metabolism; Nutrition; Electronic journals; Periodicals; Periodicals; 363.8
• DOI: 10.1155/2014/424130
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2090-0724

Abstract

Abstract : Objective . To document sex differences in the impact of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on glucose/insulin homeostasis and to verify whether these sex-related effects were associated with changes in nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). Methods . All foods were provided to 38 men and 32 premenopausal women (24–53 y) during 4 weeks. Variables were measured during a 180 min OGTT before and after the MedDiet. Results . A sex-by-time interaction for plasma insulin iAUC was found (men: −17.8%, P = 0.02 ; women: +9.4%, P = 0.63 ;P for sex-by-time interaction = 0.005). A sex-by-time interaction was also observed for insulin sensitivity (Cederholm index, P = 0.03 ), for which only men experienced improvements (men: +8.1%, P = 0.047 ; women: −5.9%, P = 0.94 ). No sex difference was observed for glucose and C-peptide responses. Trends toward a decrease in NEFA AUC (P = 0.06 ) and an increase in NEFA suppression rate (P = 0.06 ) were noted, with no sex difference. Changes in NEFA were not associated with change in insulin sensitivity. Conclusions . Results suggest that the more favorable changes in glucose/insulin homeostasis observed in men compared to women in response to the MedDiet are not explained by sex differences in NEFA response. This clinical trial is registered with clinicaltrials.govNCT01293344 .