A simple and safe antibody neutralization assay based on polio pseudoviruses. Issue 2 (1st February 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jiang, Zheng; Liu, Guixiu; Guo-yang, Liao; Sun, Mingbo; Xu, Kangwei; Ying, Zhifang; Wang, Jianfeng; Li, Xuguang; Li, Changgui
• Is Part Of: Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics. Volume 15:Issue 2(2019)
• Page Start: 349
• Page End: 357
• Publication Date: 2019-02-01
• Subjects: poliovirus vaccine -- biosafety -- pseudovirus -- neutralization test -- immunogenicity evaluation; Vaccines -- Periodicals; 615.372
• DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1526553
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2164-5515

Abstract

ABSTRACT: The evaluation of the immunogenicity of Sabin strain based Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccines (sIPV) necessitates the use of wild strains in neutralization assays to assess the potential cross-reactivity of antibodies. The live virus strains including wild and Sabin strains must be handled in level 3 biocontainment laboratories. To develop an alternative assay without the use of a live virus, we constructed Mahoney, MEF-1, and Saukett pseudovirions by inserting luciferase reporter genes into intact capsid proteins. Afterward, we developed a pseudovirus-based neutralization test (pNT) and evaluated for the specificity and reproducibility. We tested serum samples from a clinical trial on sIPV vaccines by pNT and compared the results with those obtained from conventional neutralization tests (cNT). A strong correlation was observed between two methods, with the correlation coefficients of all three types of IPV vaccines being greater than 0.82 ( p < 0.0001). The Geometric Mean Titer (GMT) values obtained by pNT were approximately four times higher than that by cNT, revealing the better sensitivity of pNT. In conclusion, pNT is a safe, rapid and sensitive quantitative assay with the potential of being an alternative for the evaluation of the potency of polio vaccines.