Is bisphenol S a safer alternative to bisphenol A in terms of potential fetal exposure ? Placental transfer across the perfused human placenta. (April 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Grandin, Flore C.; Lacroix, Marlène Z.; Gayrard, Véronique; Viguié, Catherine; Mila, Hanna; de Place, Alice; Vayssière, Christophe; Morin, Mathieu; Corbett, Julie; Gayrard, Cécile; Gely, Clémence A.; Toutain, Pierre-Louis; Picard-Hagen, Nicole
• Is Part Of: Chemosphere. Volume 221(2019)
• Page Start: 471
• Page End: 478
• Publication Date: 2019-04
• Subjects: Bisphenol S -- Bisphenol S glucuronide -- Human placental transport -- Endocrine disruptor -- Bisphenol A; BPS Bisphenol S -- BPSG Bisphenol S glucuronide -- BPA Bisphenol A -- BPAG Bisphenol A glucuronide -- LLOQ lower limit of quantification -- P-gp P glycoprotein; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Periodicals; Atmospheric chemistry -- Periodicals; 551.511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.065
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0045-6535

Abstract

Abstract: The aim of our study was to evaluate the bidirectional transfer of Bisphenol S (BPS) and its main metabolite, BPS Glucuronide (BPSG), using the model of perfused human placenta and to compare the obtained values with those of Bisphenol A (BPA) and BPA Glucuronide. Fourteen placentas at term were perfused in an open dual circuit with deuterated BPS (1 and 5 μM) and non-labelled BPSG (2.5 μM) and a freely diffusing marker antipyrine (800 ng/ml) in the presence of albumin (25 mg/ml). In a second experiment, the potential role of P-glycoprotein in the active efflux of BPS across the placental barrier was studied using the well-established P-glycoprotein inhibitor, PSC833 (2 and 4 μM). Placental transfer of BPS was much lower than that of BPA in both directions. The placental clearance index of BPS in the materno-fetal direction was three times lower than in the opposite direction, strongly suggesting some active efflux transport. However, our results show that P-glycoprotein is not involved in limiting the materno-fetal transfer of BPS. Placental transfer of BPSG in the fetal compartment was almost non-existent indicating that, in the fetal compartment, BPSG originates mainly from feto-placental metabolism. The feto-maternal clearance index for BPSG was 20-fold higher than the materno-fetal index. We conclude that the blood-placental barrier is much more efficient in limiting fetal exposure to BPS than to BPA, indicating that the placenta has a crucial role in protecting the human fetus from BPS exposure. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: The placenta is more efficient to restrict fetal exposure to BPS than to BPA. Materno-fetal transfer of Bisphenol S glucuronide was almost non-existent. It is likely that BPS and its metabolite are effluxed out of the fetal compartment.