Improving an Administrative Case Definition for Longitudinal Surveillance of Sickle Cell Disease. (May 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Snyder, Angela B.; Zhou, Mei; Theodore, Rodney; Quarmyne, Maa-Ohui; Eckman, James; Lane, Peter A.
• Is Part Of: Public health reports. Volume 134:Number 3(2019)
• Page Start: 274
• Page End: 281
• Publication Date: 2019-05
• Subjects: surveillance -- sickle cell disease -- administrative data; Public health -- United States -- Periodicals; 614.0973
• DOI: 10.1177/0033354919839072
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0033-3549

Abstract

Objective: Several states are building infrastructure and data collection methods for longitudinal, population-based surveillance systems for selected hemoglobinopathies. The objective of our study was to improve an administrative case definition for sickle cell disease (SCD) to aid in longitudinal surveillance. Methods: We collected data from 3 administrative data sets (2004-2008) on 1998 patients aged 0-21 in Georgia who had ≥1 encounter in which an SCD International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code was recorded, and we compared these data with data from a laboratory and medical record review. We assessed performance (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value [PPV], and negative predictive value [NPV]) of case definitions that differed by number and type of SCD-coded encounters; addition of SCD-associated treatments, procedures, and complications; and length of surveillance (1 vs 5 years). We identified correct diagnoses for patients who were incorrectly coded as having SCD. Results: The SCD case definition of ≥3 SCD-coded encounters in 5 years simplified and substantially improved the sensitivity (96.0% vs 85.8%) and NPV (68.2% vs 38.2%) of the original administrative case definition developed for 5-year, state-based surveillance (≥2 encounters in 5 years and ≥1 encounter for an SCD-related treatment, procedure, or complication), while maintaining a similar PPV (97.4% vs 97.4%) and specificity (76.5% vs 79.0%). Conclusions: This study supports an administrative case definition that specifies ≥3 ICD-9-CM–coded encounters to identify SCD with a high degree of accuracy in pediatric patients. This case definition can be used to help establish longitudinal SCD surveillance systems.