Growth Modeling of the Maternal Cytokine Milieu throughout Normal Pregnancy: Macrophage-Derived Chemokine Decreases as Inflammation/Counterregulation Increases. (17th March 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Holtan, Shernan G.; Chen, Yiyi; Kaimal, Rajani; Creedon, Douglas J.; Enninga, Elizabeth Ann L.; Nevala, Wendy K.; Markovic, Svetomir N.
• Other Names: Tabarkiewicz Jacek Academic Editor.
• Is Part Of: Journal of immunology research. Volume 2015(2015)
• Publication Date: 2015-03-17
• Subjects: Immunology -- Periodicals; Immunology -- Research -- Periodicals; 616.07905
• DOI: 10.1155/2015/952571
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2314-8861

Abstract

Abstract : Several recent studies have shown differences in the maternal immune milieu at different phases of pregnancy, but most studies have been cross-sectional or of relatively few time points. Levels of 42 cytokines were determined using a multiplex bead-based assay on archived serum from a cohort of pregnant womenN = 16 at median of 18 time points tested, from the first trimester through to parturition, per woman. Unconditional growth modeling was then used to determine time-dependent changes in levels of these cytokines. Macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC, aka CCL22) decreases as pregnancy progresses. IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-15, IP-10, and FLT3-ligand increase as a function of gestational weeks, and IFN α 2, IL-1ra, IL-3, IL-9, IL-12p40, and soluble CD40 ligand increase as a function of trimester. As pregnancy normally progresses, a maternal shift away from a type 2-biased immune response and toward an inflammatory/counterregulatory response is observed.