Soluble siglec-5 is a novel salivary biomarker for primary Sjogren's syndrome. (June 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lee, Jennifer; Lee, Jaeseon; Baek, SeungYe; Koh, Jung Hee; Kim, Ji-Won; Kim, Sang-Yeon; Chung, So-Hyang; Choi, Sun Shim; Cho, Mi-La; Kwok, Seung-Ki; Ju, Ji Hyeon; Park, Sung-Hwan
• Is Part Of: Journal of autoimmunity. Volume 100(2019)
• Page Start: 114
• Page End: 119
• Publication Date: 2019-06
• Subjects: Siglec -- Saliva -- Biomarkers -- Sjogren's syndrome; Autoimmunity -- Periodicals; Autoimmune diseases -- Periodicals; Autoantibodies -- Periodicals; Autoimmune Diseases -- Periodicals; Auto-immunité -- Périodiques; Maladies auto-immunes -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.978005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.03.008
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0896-8411

Abstract

Abstract: Despite advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis, disease-specific biomarkers have not been included in the classification criteria for Primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS). Based on a microarray of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS), we aimed to investigate whether soluble sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (siglec)-5 in saliva might be a biomarker for pSS. The concentration of siglec-5 in saliva and sera was determined by ELISA. Clinical parameters related with pSS were obtained from pSS registry and correlation with salivary siglec-5 level was evaluated. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was performed to determine cut off value. A separate validation cohort consisted of subjects with suspicious pSS was evaluated to determine the performance. The level of salivary siglec-5 was significantly higher in pSS patients (n = 170) compared with HCs (n = 25), non SS sicca patients (n = 78) or patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n = 43) (1346.8 [202.8–4280.0] pg/mL, 6.08 [0–134.0] pg/mL, 195 [0–947.5] pg/mL, and 0 [0–238.7] pg/mL, median [interquartile range], P < 0.001). Salivary siglec-5 level negatively correlated with salivary flow rate (spearman's rho: −0.420, P < 0.001), and positively correlated with ocular surface score (rho: 0.331, P < 0.001) and serum immunoglobulin G level (rho = 0.202, P = 0.008). In ROC analysis, area under the curve was 0.774[0.724–0.826]. With a cut off value of 400 pg/mL, sensitivity and specificity was 0.69 and 0.70 respectively. In validation cohort (45 pSS patients and 45 non SS sicca patients), sensitivity and specificity of siglec-5 was 64.4% and 77.8%, respectively. In conclusion, the level of soluble siglec-5 is significantly higher in the saliva from pSS patients, which reflects the severity of hyposalivation and ocular surface damage. This novel salivary biomarker may provide benefits for pSS diagnosis. Highlights: Soluble siglec-5 is highly expressed in the saliva of Sjogren's syndrome patients. Saliva siglec-5 level reflects the severity of hypersecretion. Saliva siglec-5 is a helpful diagnostic marker for Sjogren's syndrome.