Identification of CD8α+ dendritic cells in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) intestine. Issue 89 (June 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Soleto, Irene; Granja, Aitor G.; Simón, Rocío; Morel, Esther; Díaz-Rosales, Patricia; Tafalla, Carolina
• Is Part Of: Fish & shellfish immunology. Issue 89(2019)
• Page Start: 309
• Page End: 318
• Publication Date: 2019-06
• Subjects: Teleost fish -- Rainbow trout -- Dendritic cells (DCs) -- Cross-presentation -- Intestine -- Antigen presentation; Fishes -- Immunology -- Periodicals; Shellfish -- Immunology -- Periodicals; Poissons -- Immunologie -- Périodiques; Crustacés -- Immunologie -- Périodiques; 571.9617
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.04.001
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1050-4648

Abstract

Abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells located at mucosal surfaces and lymphoid tissues. Their main role is to present antigens to T cells and thus regulate the initiation of the acquired immune response and modulate tolerance mechanisms towards self-antigens. Despite their relevance, not many studies have addressed the identification and characterization of specific DC subsets in teleost fish. Previous studies in our group identified a DC subpopulation co-expressing CD8α and major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II) on the cell surface in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) skin and gills. A complete functional and phenotypical characterization of these cell subsets was then undertaken, unequivocally recognizing them as DCs (CD8 + DCs). In the current study, we report the identification of a homologous population in rainbow trout intestinal lamina propria (LP). We have studied the main features of these intestinal CD8 + DCs, comparing them to those of CD8 + DCs from another mucosal tissue (gills). Interestingly, intestinal CD8 + DCs exhibited significant phenotypical and functional differences when compared to gill CD8 + DCs, suggesting that the location of DCs strongly conditions their activation state. These results will contribute to further expand our knowledge on how intestinal immune responses are regulated in fish, helping us to rationally design oral vaccines in the future. Highlights: We have identified a CD8 + MHC II + population in the intestine with characteristics of DCs. These cells express many markers shared by different mammalian cross-presenting DC subsets. Trout intestinal CD8 + DCs have strong phagocytic capacities and the ability to stimulate naïve T cells. Trout intestinal CD8 + DCs seem to have a more tolerogenic profile than CD8 + DCs from gills.