Sustainability and antimicrobial assessments of apigenin based polybenzoxazine film. (20th May 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Thirukumaran, Periyasamy; Manoharan, Ranjith Kumar; Parveen, Asrafali Shakila; Atchudan, Raji; Kim, Seong-Cheol
• Is Part Of: Polymer. Volume 172(2019)
• Page Start: 100
• Page End: 109
• Publication Date: 2019-05-20
• Subjects: Apigenin -- Furfurylamine -- Stearylamine -- Bio-benzoxazines -- Bio-degradable films; Polymers -- Periodicals; Polymerization -- Periodicals; Polymères -- Périodiques; Polymérisation -- Périodiques; 547.7
• DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.03.048
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0032-3861

Abstract

Abstract: The present study reports for the first time the use of bio-based apigenin for polybenzoxazine synthesis. Apigenin comes under flavonoids family that is naturally available in fruits, vegetables, and many herbals abundantly. In this work, apigenin was reacted with furfurylamine/stearylamine and formaldehyde to form multifunctional bio-based benzoxazine monomers (AP-f and AP-s). This interaction was investigated by means of FT-IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR spectroscopic techniques. The as-synthesized monomers, AP-f and AP-s are converted to bio-films by means of ring-opening polymerization with thermal treatment to form a well cross-linked network structure. DSC was used to study the curing behavior of benzoxazine, exhibiting lower curing temperature of 178 °C for AP-f and 226 °C for AP-s than the commercially available benzoxazine. The mechanical and thermal properties of the above-mentioned bio-films are characterized by UTM and TGA. These results reveal that apigenin and furfurylamine based bio-film has better tensile (94 MPa) and thermal stability up to 350 °C. Moreover, both the bio-films, poly(AP-f) and poly(AP-s) have been further investigated for bio-activity with S. aureus . It was confirmed that the bio-films was effective in preventing bio-film associated infection. In a similar way, both the bio-films acts against C-albicans and thus prevents the formation of fungal infection. This information reveals that apigenin-based polybenzoxazine bio-films are capable to be considered as anti-microbial and anti-fungal agents. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Utilized renewable, bio-based and bio-degradable material to synthesize apigenin based polybenzoxazine film. A biologically active natural compound, AP-PBz, improve the property of the benzoxazine resins providing an additional bio-property. Bio-films reduce the hyphal development and acts as an active anti-biofilm agent. Synthesized compounds tested in vitro are also harmless in vivo and have clinical relevance as alternative method for human pathogenesis.