Contribution of ultrasonography to the diagnosis of internal bleeding in snakebite envenomation. Issue 1 (December 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Tchaou, Blaise; Savi de Tové, Kofi-Mensa; Sissinto-Savi de Tové, Yolande; Djomga, Aurélien; Aguemon, Abdou-Rahman; Massougbodji, Achille; Chippaux, Jean-Philippe
• Is Part Of: Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases. Volume 22:Issue 1(2016)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 7
• Publication Date: 2016-12
• Subjects: Envenomation -- Ultrasound -- Internal bleeding -- Hemoperitoneum -- Hematoma; Poisonous animals -- Periodicals; Venom -- Periodicals; Toxins -- Periodicals; Tropical medicine -- Periodicals; Venoms -- Periodicals; Toxins -- Periodicals; Animals, Poisonous -- Periodicals; Tropical Medicine -- Periodicals; Animals, Poisonous -- Periodicals; Venoms -- Periodicals; Tropical Medicine -- Periodicals; Toxins -- Periodicals; Poisonous animals; Tropical medicine; Venom; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 615.9405
• DOI: 10.1186/s40409-016-0063-x
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1678-9199

Abstract

Abstract Background In Africa, snakebite envenomations are frequently complicated by life-threatening hemorrhagic syndromes. The authors of the present study conducted a prospective analysis at the University Hospital of Parakou (north of Benin) for seven months (January 1 to July 31, 2014) to assess the contribution of ultrasonography to the diagnosis of internal bleedings and management of envenomation. Methods An ultrasound examination was performed in all patients with clinical envenomation regardless of its severity. The study involved 32 patients admitted to the ICU of the University Hospital of Parakou. Results The average age was 27 ± 13.9 years. The main signs of severity were: prolongation of clotting time (88 %), severe anemia (41 %), clinical hemorrhage (47 %), and shock (19 %). The ultrasound imaging showed internal hemorrhage in 18 patients (56 %). There were hematomas (22 %), hemoperitoneum (13 %) or a combination of both (22 %). The occurrence of internal bleeding and hemoperitoneum were mainly related to the delay of hospital presentation (p = 0.007) and the existence of external bleeding (p = 0.04). Thirty patients (94 %) received antivenom. Case fatality rate was 3.1 %. Conclusion Ultrasonography may help in diagnosing internal bleeding, even in patients that did not show external hemorrhages, and evaluating its importance. As a consequence, the management of snakebite victims may be significantly improved.