Nutritional modulation of endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion: a review. Issue 1 (December 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bodnaruc, Alexandra; Prud'homme, Denis; Blanchet, Rosanne; Giroux, Isabelle
• Is Part Of: Nutrition & metabolism. Volume 13:Issue 1(2016)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 16
• Publication Date: 2016-12
• Subjects: Diet -- Appetite regulation -- Blood glucose -- Enteroendocrine L-cells -- G-protein coupled receptors; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Metabolism -- Periodicals; 612.39
• DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0153-3
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1743-7075

Abstract

Abstract Background The positive influences of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on blood glucose homeostasis, appetite sensations, and food intake provide a strong rationale for its therapeutic potential in the nutritional management of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Aim To summarize GLP-1 physiology and the nutritional modulation of its secretion in the context of obesity and type 2 diabetes management. Findings GLP-1 is mainly synthesized and secreted by enteroendocrine L-cells of the gastrointestinal tract. Its secretion is partly mediated by the direct nutrient sensing by G-protein coupled receptors which specifically bind to monosaccharides, peptides and amino-acids, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as to short chain fatty acids. Foods rich in these nutrients, such as high-fiber grain products, nuts, avocados and eggs also seem to influence GLP-1 secretion and may thus promote associated beneficial outcomes in healthy individuals as well as individuals with type 2 diabetes or with other metabolic disturbances. Conclusion The stimulation of endogenous GLP-1 secretion by manipulating the composition of the diet may be a relevant strategy for obesity and type 2 diabetes management. A better understanding of the dose-dependent effects as well as the synergistic effects of nutrients and whole foods is needed in order to develop recommendations to appropriately modify the diet to enhance GLP-1 beneficial effects.