RRNA and tRNA Bridges to Neuronal Homeostasis in Health and Disease. Issue 9 (19th April 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Tuorto, Francesca; Parlato, Rosanna
• Is Part Of: Journal of molecular biology. Volume 431:Issue 9(2019)
• Page Start: 1763
• Page End: 1779
• Publication Date: 2019-04-19
• Subjects: 2′Ome 2′-O-ribose-methylation -- 6-OHDA 6-hydroxydopamine -- AD Alzheimer's disease -- ADAT3 adenosine deaminase tRNA specific 3 -- ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis -- ANG angiogenin -- Aβ amyloid β-peptide -- CBP acetyltransferase CREB-binding protein -- ChIP-seq chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing -- circRNA circular RNA -- CLIP1 cleavage and polyadenylation factor 1 -- DFC dense fibrillar component -- DLB dementia-associated with Lewy bodies -- eEF2 elongation factor2 -- eIF3 initiation factor3 -- ETS external transcribed spacer -- FBL fibrillarin -- FC fibrillar center -- FD familial dysautonomia -- FTD frontotemporal dementia -- GC granular component -- HD Huntington's disease -- hetADAT heterodimeric adenosine deaminase -- I inosine -- ID intellectual disability -- ITS internal transcribed spacer -- KAE1 kinase-associated endopeptidase -- LTP long-term potentiation -- m1A 1-methyladenosine -- m22G dimethyl oguanosine -- m5C 5-methylcytidine -- mcm5 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl -- mcm5s2U 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine -- mHTT mutant Huntingtin -- MPTP 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine -- mRNA messenger RNA -- NCL nucleolin -- ncm5 5-carbamoylmethyl -- NFTs neurofibrillary tangles -- NPM1 nucleopshosmin 1 -- NPM3 nucleopshosmin 3 -- PARP-1 poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 -- PD Parkinson's disease -- PGC-1α peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha -- Q-tRNA queuosinylated tRNA -- Q queuosine -- RNA Pol I RNA polymerase I -- RNA-seq RNA-sequencing -- RP ribosomal proteins -- rRNA ribosomal RNA -- snoRNA small nucleolar RNA -- snRNA small nuclear RNA -- t6A N6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine -- tau tubulin-associated unit -- TGTase tRNA-guanine transglycosylase -- TIF-IA transcription initiation factor-IA -- tiRNAs tRNA-derived stress induced fragments -- tRFs tRNA-derived fragments -- TRMT1 tRNA methyltransferase 1 -- tRNA transfer RNA -- TSEN tRNA splicing endonuclease complex -- tsRNAs tRNA-derived small RNAs -- UBTF1 upstream binding transcription factor 1 -- UPR unfolded protein response -- v-RNA rRNA variant -- Ψ pseudouracil; rRNA -- tRNA -- protein synthesis -- neurological disorders -- cellular stress; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Biology -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Bacteriology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Biologie moléculaire -- Périodiques; Biologie -- Périodiques; Biochimie -- Périodiques; Moleculaire biologie; Biochemistry; Biology; Molecular biology; Periodicals; 572.805
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.03.004
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-2836

Abstract

Abstract: Dysregulation of protein translation is emerging as a unifying mechanism in the pathogenesis of many neuronal disorders. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA) are structural molecules that have complementary and coordinated functions in protein synthesis. Defects in both rRNAs and tRNAs have been described in mammalian brain development, neurological syndromes, and neurodegeneration. In this review, we present the molecular mechanisms that link aberrant rRNA and tRNA transcription, processing and modifications to translation deficits, and neuropathogenesis. We also discuss the interdependence of rRNA and tRNA biosynthesis and how their metabolism brings together proteotoxic stress and impaired neuronal homeostasis. Graphical Abstract: Unlabelled Image Highlights: rRNA and tRNA synthesis and functions are controlled by cellular stress conditions. rRNA and tRNA biosynthesis are interdependent. Aberrant rRNA and tRNA biogenesis are associated with neurological disorders.