Rapid software prototyping for heterogeneous and distributed platforms. (June 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Besard, Tim; Churavy, Valentin; Edelman, Alan; Sutter, Bjorn De
• Is Part Of: Advances in engineering software. Volume 132(2019)
• Page Start: 29
• Page End: 46
• Publication Date: 2019-06
• Subjects: Julia -- Generic programming -- Heterogeneous systems -- CUDA -- Distributed computing; Computer-aided engineering -- Periodicals; Engineering -- Computer programs -- Periodicals; Engineering -- Software -- Periodicals; Periodicals; 620.0028553
• DOI: 10.1016/j.advengsoft.2019.02.002
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0965-9978

Abstract

Highlights: We present a set of array abstractions and implementations thereof in the CuArrays.jl and DistributedArrays.jl packages that enable rapid development of solutions for real-world engineering problems, and at the same time enable the exploitation of heterogeneous high-performance hardware. We demonstrate the composability of the abstractions and underlying infrastructure, and show how it facilitates separation of concerns regarding what is computed, where the underlying data is stored, and how communication happens. We discuss portability issues and argue how the proposed abstractions handle them. We present a performance evaluation that demonstrates the extent of the composability and the ease with which the potential of heterogeneous hardware can be exploited. Abstract: The software needs of scientists and engineers are growing and their programs are becoming more compute-heavy and problem-specific. This has led to an influx of non-expert programmers, who need to use and program high-performance computing platforms. With the continued stagnation of single-threaded performance, using hardware accelerators such as GPUs or FPGAs is necessary. Adapting software to these compute platforms is a difficult task, especially for non-expert programmers, leading to applications being unable to take advantage of new hardware or requiring extensive rewrites. We propose a programming model that allows non-experts to benefit from high-performance computing, while enabling expert programmers to take full advantage of the underlying hardware. In this model, programs are generically typed, the location of the data is encoded in the type system, and multiple dispatch is used to select functionality based on the type of the data. This enables rapid prototyping, retargeting and reuse of existing software, while allowing for hardware specific optimization if required. Our approach allows development to happen in one source language enabling domain experts and performance engineers to jointly develop a program, without the overhead, friction, and challenges associated with developing in multiple programming languages for the same project. We demonstrate the viability and the core principles of this programming model in Julia using realistic examples, showing the potential of this approach for rapid prototyping, and its applicability for real-life engineering. We focus on usability for non-expert programmers and demonstrate that the potential of the underlying hardware can be fully exploited.