Effects of a healthy Nordic diet on gene expression changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to an oral glucose tolerance test in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a SYSDIET sub-study. Issue 1 (December 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Leder, Lena; Kolehmainen, Marjukka; Narverud, Ingunn; Dahlman, Ingrid; Myhrstad, Mari; de Mello, Vanessa; Paananen, Jussi; Carlberg, Carsten; Schwab, Ursula; Herzig, Karl-Heinz; Cloetens, Lieselotte; Storm, Matilda; Hukkanen, Janne; Savolainen, Markku; Rosqvist, Fredrik; Hermansen, Kjeld; Dragsted, Lars; Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjörg; Thorsdottir, Inga; Risérus, Ulf; Åkesson, Björn; Thoresen, Magne; Arner, Peter; Poutanen, Kaisa; Uusitupa, Matti; Holven, Kirsten; Ulven, Stine
• Is Part Of: Genes & nutrition. Volume 11:Issue 1(2016)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 13
• Publication Date: 2016-12
• Subjects: mRNA gene expression -- Metabolic syndrome -- PBMCs -- Nordic diet -- OGTT; Nutrition -- Genetic aspects -- Periodicals; 612.3
• DOI: 10.1186/s12263-016-0521-4
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1555-8932

Abstract

Abstract Background Diet has a great impact on the risk of developing features of metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We evaluated whether a long-term healthy Nordic diet (ND) can modify the expression of inflammation and lipid metabolism-related genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in individuals with MetS. Methods A Nordic multicenter randomized dietary study included subjects (n = 213) with MetS, randomized to a ND group or a control diet (CD) group applying an isocaloric study protocol. In this sub-study, we included subjects (n = 89) from three Nordic centers: Kuopio (n = 26), Lund (n = 30), and Oulu (n = 33) with a maximum weight change of ±4 kg, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration ≤10 mg L−1, and baseline body mass index <39 kg m−2 . PBMCs were isolated, and the mRNA gene expression analysis was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). We analyzed the mRNA expression changes of 44 genes before and after a 2hOGTT at the beginning and the end of the intervention. Results The healthy ND significantly down-regulated the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4 ), interleukin 18 (IL18 ), and thrombospondin receptor (CD36 ) mRNA transcripts and significantly up-regulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD ) mRNA transcript after the 2hOGTT compared to the CD. Conclusions A healthy ND is able to modify the gene expression in PBMCs after a 2hOGTT. However, more studies are needed to clarify the biological and clinical relevance of these findings.