External validation of a multivariable claims-based rule for predicting in-hospital mortality and 30-day post-pulmonary embolism complications. Issue 1 (December 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Coleman, Craig; Peacock, W.; Fermann, Gregory; Crivera, Concetta; Weeda, Erin; Hull, Michael; DuCharme, Mary; Becker, Laura; Schein, Jeff
• Is Part Of: BMC health services research. Volume 16:Issue 1(2016)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 6
• Publication Date: 2016-12
• Subjects: Pulmonary embolism -- Risk stratification -- Mortality -- Administrative claims; Public health -- Research -- Periodicals; Medical care -- Research -- Periodicals; 362.1072
• DOI: 10.1186/s12913-016-1855-y
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1472-6963

Abstract

Abstract Background Low-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) patients may be candidates for outpatient treatment or abbreviated hospital stay. There is a need for a claims-based prediction rule that payers/hospitals can use to risk stratify PE patients. We sought to validate the In-hospital Mortality for PulmonAry embolism using Claims daTa (IMPACT) prediction rule for in-hospital and 30-day outcomes. Methods We used the Optum Research Database from 1/2008-3/2015 and included adults hospitalized for PE (415.1x in the primary position or secondary position when accompanied by a primary code for a PE complication) and having continuous medical and prescription coverage for ≥6-months prior and 3-months post-inclusion or until death. In-hospital and 30-day mortality and 30-day complications (recurrent venous thromboembolism, rehospitalization or death) were assessed and prognostic accuracies of IMPACT with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results In total, 47, 531 PE patients were included. In-hospital and 30-day mortality occurred in 7.9 and 9.4 % of patients and 20.8 % experienced any complication within 30-days. Of the 19.5 % of patients classified as low-risk by IMPACT, 2.0 % died in-hospital, resulting in a sensitivity and specificity of 95.2 % (95 % CI, 94.4–95.8) and 20.7 % (95 % CI, 20.4–21.1). Only 1 additional low-risk patient died within 30-days of admission and 12.2 % experienced a complication, translating into a sensitivity and specificity of 95.9 % (95 % CI, 95.3–96.5) and 21.1 % (95 % CI, 20.7–21.5) for mortality and 88.5 % (95 % CI, 87.9–89.2) and 21.6 % (95 % CI, 21.2–22.0) for any complication. Conclusion IMPACT had acceptable sensitivity for predicting in-hospital and 30-day mortality or complications and may be valuable for retrospective risk stratification of PE patients.