Cerebrospinal fluid dissemination of anaplastic intraventricular meningioma: report of a case presenting with progressive brainstem dysfunction and multiple cranial nerve palsies. Issue 1 (December 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Fujimaki, Motoki; Takanashi, Masashi; Kobayashi, Manami; Wada, Kei-ichiro; Machida, Yutaka; Kondo, Akihide; Hattori, Nobutaka; Miwa, Hideto
• Is Part Of: BMC neurology. Volume 16:Issue 1(2016)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 7
• Publication Date: 2016-12
• Subjects: Brainstem dysfunction -- Multiple cranial nerve palsies -- Cerebrospinal fluid dissemination -- Anaplastic meningioma; Neurology -- Periodicals; 616.8005
• DOI: 10.1186/s12883-016-0611-6
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1471-2377

Abstract

Abstract Background It is extremely rare to see cerebrospinal fluid dissemination of intraventricular meningioma, particularly with the development of acute, progressive brainstem/cerebellar dysfunction with an absence of mass formation in the corresponding anatomical sites. Case presentation An 81-year-old man was admitted because of double vision, right facial nerve palsy and truncal ataxia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed normal findings except for a tumor mass in the left lateral ventricle, which had been noted over 6 months previously. The patient developed hiccups, hyperventilation, and drowsiness, which worsened progressively, and did not respond to corticosteroid or intraventricular immunoglobulin therapy. Cerebrospinal fluid study revealed a mild elevation of protein, and cytology was negative. The patient died and an autopsy was performed. Postmortem investigation disclosed a malignant transformation of benign fibroid meningioma with cerebrospinal fluid dissemination of the malignant cells, diversely involving the surface of brainstem, cerebellum, and spinal cords, secondarily resulting in extensive ischemia in the brain parenchyma by vessel occlusion. Conclusion If a patient with an intraventricular tumor develops acute, progressive neurological symptoms, the possibility that it is be caused by cerebrospinal fluid dissemination of tumor cells, after malignant transformation, should be considered.