Labeling mesenchymal cells with DMSA-coated gold and iron oxide nanoparticles: assessment of biocompatibility and potential applications. Issue 1 (December 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Silva, Luisa; Silva, Jaqueline; Ferreira, Guilherme; Silva, Renata; Lima, Emilia; Azevedo, Ricardo; Oliveira, Daniela
• Is Part Of: Journal of nanobiotechnology. Volume 14:Issue 1(2016)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 15
• Publication Date: 2016-12
• Subjects: Mesenchymal stem cells -- Iron oxide nanoparticle -- Gold nanoparticles -- Biocompatibility -- Computed microtomography -- Magnetic targeting -- DMSA-nanoparticles; Nanotechnology -- Periodicals; Biotechnology -- Periodicals; 660.6
• DOI: 10.1186/s12951-016-0213-x
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1477-3155

Abstract

Abstract Background Nanoparticles' unique features have been highly explored in cellular therapies. However, nanoparticles can be cytotoxic. The cytotoxicity can be overcome by coating the nanoparticles with an appropriated surface modification. Nanoparticle coating influences biocompatibility between nanoparticles and cells and may affect some cell properties. Here, we evaluated the biocompatibility of gold and maghemite nanoparticles functionalized with 2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), Au-DMSA and γ-Fe2 O3 -DMSA respectively, with human mesenchymal stem cells. Also, we tested these nanoparticles as tracers for mesenchymal stem cells in vivo tracking by computed tomography and as agents for mesenchymal stem cells magnetic targeting. Results Significant cell death was not observed in MTT, Trypan Blue and light microscopy analyses. However, ultra-structural alterations as swollen and degenerated mitochondria, high amounts of myelin figures and structures similar to apoptotic bodies were detected in some mesenchymal stem cells. Au-DMSA and γ-Fe2 O3 -DMSA labeling did not affect mesenchymal stem cells adipogenesis and osteogenesis differentiation, proliferation rates or lymphocyte suppression capability. The uptake measurements indicated that both inorganic nanoparticles were well uptaken by mesenchymal stem cells. However, Au-DMSA could not be detected in microtomograph after being incorporated by mesenchymal stem cells. γ-Fe2 O3 -DMSA labeled cells were magnetically responsive in vitro and after infused in vivo in an experimental model of lung silicosis. Conclusion In terms of biocompatibility, the use of γ-Fe2 O3 -DMSA and Au-DMSA as tracers for mesenchymal stem cells was assured. However, Au-DMSA shown to be not suitable for visualization and tracking of these cells in vivo by standard computed microtomography. Otherwise, γ-Fe2 O3 -DMSA shows to be a promising agent for mesenchymal stem cells magnetic targeting.