Time‐varying maximal proteinuria correlates with adverse cardiovascular events and graft failure in kidney transplant recipients. (December 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jeon, Hee Jung; Kim, Clara Tammy; An, Jung Nam; Lee, Hajeong; Kim, Hyosang; Park, Su‐Kil; Joo, Kwon Wook; Lim, Chun Soo; Jung, In Mok; Ahn, Curie; Kim, Yon Su; Kim, Young Hoon; Lee, Jung Pyo
• Is Part Of: Nephrology. Volume 20:Number 12(2015)
• Page Start: 945
• Page End: 951
• Publication Date: 2015-12
• Subjects: cardiovascular diseases -- kidney transplantation -- proteinuria; Nephrology -- Periodicals; Kidneys -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Nephrologists -- Periodicals; 616.61; 616.61
• DOI: 10.1111/nep.12529
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1320-5358

Abstract

Abstract: Aim: In the general population, proteinuria is associated with progression to kidney failure, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. Here, we analyzed the effects of proteinuria on outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. Methods: We performed a retrospective, multi‐centre cohort study involving 2047 recipients to evaluate the effects of post‐transplant proteinuria on adverse cardiovascular events, graft failure, and mortality. Patients were classified into two groups according to their levels of proteinuria: patients without proteinuria (<150 mg/day, n = 1113) and proteinuric patients (≥150 mg/day, n = 934). Multivariate Cox hazard model was conducted with using the maximal proteinuria as time‐varying covariate. Results: During a median 55.3‐month (range, 0.6–167.1) follow‐up, there were 50 cases of major adverse cardiac events (cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or coronary revascularization), 115 cases of graft failure, and 52 patient deaths. In multivariate Cox regression with time‐varying covariate, proteinuric recipients were significantly associated with major adverse cardiac events (hazard ratio [HR] 8.689, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.929–25.774, P < 0.001) compared to those without proteinuria. Recipients with proteinuria showed significantly higher incidences of acute rejection (23.1% vs. 9.4%, P < 0.001) and graft failure rate (HR 6.910, 95% CI 3.270–14.601, P < 0.001). In addition, mortality rate was also significantly higher in patients with proteinuria (HR 6.815, 95% CI 2.164–21.467, P = 0.001). Conclusion: Post‐transplant proteinuria correlates with adverse cardiovascular events, graft failure, and mortality. Therefore, proteinuria should be evaluated and managed to improve the outcomes of renal recipients. Summary at a Glance: This paper demonstrates a correlation between the presence of proteinuria and major adverse cardiovascular events, graft failure and death post kidney transplantation.