Simultaneous profiling of transcriptome and DNA methylome from a single cell. Issue 1 (December 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hu, Youjin; Huang, Kevin; An, Qin; Du, Guizhen; Hu, Ganlu; Xue, Jinfeng; Zhu, Xianmin; Wang, Cun-Yu; Xue, Zhigang; Fan, Guoping
• Is Part Of: Genome biology. Volume 17:Issue 1(2016)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 11
• Publication Date: 2016-12
• Subjects: Single-cell methylome -- Single-cell transcriptome -- Sensory neurons -- Dorsal root ganglion -- Gene regulation; Genomes -- Periodicals; Biology -- Periodicals; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; 572.8633
• DOI: 10.1186/s13059-016-0950-z
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1474-760X

Abstract

Abstract Background Single-cell transcriptome and single-cell methylome technologies have become powerful tools to study RNA and DNA methylation profiles of single cells at a genome-wide scale. A major challenge has been to understand the direct correlation of DNA methylation and gene expression within single-cells. Due to large cell-to-cell variability and the lack of direct measurements of transcriptome and methylome of the same cell, the association is still unclear. Results Here, we describe a novel method (scMT-seq) that simultaneously profiles both DNA methylome and transcriptome from the same cell. In sensory neurons, we consistently identify transcriptome and methylome heterogeneity among single cells but the majority of the expression variance is not explained by proximal promoter methylation, with the exception of genes that do not contain CpG islands. By contrast, gene body methylation is positively associated with gene expression for only those genes that contain a CpG island promoter. Furthermore, using single nucleotide polymorphism patterns from our hybrid mouse model, we also find positive correlation of allelic gene body methylation with allelic expression. Conclusions Our method can be used to detect transcriptome, methylome, and single nucleotide polymorphism information within single cells to dissect the mechanisms of epigenetic gene regulation.