Health-promotion interventions enhance and maintain self-efficacy for adults at cardiometabolic risk: A randomized controlled trial. (May 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wu, Meng-Ping; Wu, Shu-Fang Vivienne; Lee, Mei-Chen; Peng, Li-Ning; Tsao, Lee-Ing; Lee, Wei-Ju
• Is Part Of: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. Volume 82(2019)
• Page Start: 61
• Page End: 66
• Publication Date: 2019-05
• Subjects: MetS Metabolic syndrome -- CVD cardiovascular disease -- T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus -- HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol -- LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol -- CVI content validity indices -- HCMSES Hypertension and High Cholesterol Management Self-Efficacy Scale -- HCPTES Hypertension and High Cholesterol Perceived Therapeutic Efficacy Scale -- SHCSCA Summary of Hypertension and High Cholesterol Self-Care Activities S -- DSCA Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities scale; Health promotion -- Hypertension -- Hypercholesterolemia -- Older adults; Aging -- Periodicals; Geriatrics -- Periodicals; Gerontology -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 305.26
• DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.01.009
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0167-4943

Abstract

Highlights: Nurse-led program enhanced self-efficacy in managing hypertension and dyslipidemia. The improvement effects maintained significantly 6 months after the program ended. Blood pressure and lipid profile significantly improved in the intervention group. It supports designing programs to improve self-efficacy and self-care skills. Abstract: Objectives: To investigate whether a community-based intervention program, based on self-efficacy theory, might improve older adults' self-care behaviors as well as health outcomes related to hypertension and dyslipidemia. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in Taipei, Taiwan, From October 16, 2011 to July 31, 2014. Residents identified during community screening for the over 50 s were invited to participate if their blood pressure was 120–139/80–89 mmHg, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was <40 mg/dL (men) or <50 mg/dL (women), or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was 130–159 mg/dL. The intervention group participated in a special health promotion program; the control group received conventional health education. Participants' demographic and anthropometric data were recorded, and each completed semi-structured questionnaires about hypertension and cholesterol management, and gave blood samples for biochemical analyses before the intervention and 6 months after it ended. Results: From 90/98 eligible subjects who enrolled, 84 completed the study: 41/43 and 43/47 respectively in intervention and control groups. Body mass index, blood pressure, hyperglycemia, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the intervention group improved significantly from baseline. The Self-Efficacy Scale ( P = 0.020), Self-Care Activities Questionnaire ( P = 0.014) and Perceived Therapeutic Efficacy Scale ( P = 0.023) scores improved significantly. Conclusion: This health promotion intervention program enhanced self-efficacy among older adults, with sustained effect through 6-months' follow-up. These findings are consistent with studies that evaluated the effect of a diabetes education program on self-efficacy. The beneficial effect on a population at high-risk for hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, may serve as a model for developing and implementing such interventions.