Age Differences in Day-To-Day Speed-Accuracy Tradeoffs: Results from the COGITO Study. (2nd November 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ghisletta, Paolo; Joly-Burra, Emilie; Aichele, Stephen; Lindenberger, Ulman; Schmiedek, Florian
• Is Part Of: Multivariate behavioral research. Volume 53:Number 6(2018)
• Page Start: 842
• Page End: 852
• Publication Date: 2018-11-02
• Subjects: Reaction time -- multilevel vector autoregressive model -- speed-accuracy tradeoff -- COGITO; Psychometrics -- Periodicals; Psychology, Experimental -- Periodicals; Psychology, Experimental; Psychometrics; Periodicals; 150.15195
• DOI: 10.1080/00273171.2018.1463194
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0027-3171

Abstract

ABSTRACT: We examined adult age differences in day-to-day adjustments in speed-accuracy tradeoffs (SAT) on a figural comparison task. Data came from the COGITO study, with over 100 younger and 100 older adults, assessed for over 100 days. Participants were given explicit feedback about their completion time and accuracy each day after task completion. We applied a multivariate vector auto-regressive model of order 1 to the daily mean reaction time (RT) and daily accuracy scores together, within each age group. We expected that participants adjusted their SAT if the two cross-regressive parameters from RT (or accuracy) on day t-1 of accuracy (or RT) on day t were sizable and negative. We found that: (a) the temporal dependencies of both accuracy and RT were quite strong in both age groups; (b) younger adults showed an effect of their accuracy on day t-1 on their RT on day t, a pattern that was in accordance with adjustments of their SAT; (c) older adults did not appear to adjust their SAT; (d) these effects were partly associated with reliable individual differences within each age group. We discuss possible explanations for older adults' reluctance to recalibrate speed and accuracy on a day-to-day basis.